Following A Dream Toward Freedom :: essays research papers

Following A Dream Toward Freedom     Freedom was and still is the tranceing of every American. Freedom isdefined as the liberty of choice or action, self-determination of rationalbeings, the right to enjoy privileges of membership or citizenship, andindependence. The natural rights of exclusively men have been tell as "life, liberty,and the puruit of happiness." In order for freedom to exist, people must takeon the duty to pursue and maintain their dream.     The dream of freedom requires people to take responsibility to governthemselves in a way in which freedom can succeed without chaos. Civilizationshave used political law and social rules to regulate their citizens. Peoplemust maintain a direct hold on their government and society through their lawsand social structure, allowing for individually individual within their citizenship tokeep their induce identity while participating in the civilization as a whole.When people tak e on the responsibility of their citizenship and follow the lawsand rules founded for them, freedom is allowed to work for everyone.     "In the future days, which we seek to make secure, we look forward to aworld founded upon four essential human freedoms," stated Franklin Roosevelt inhis 1941 Presidents Annual Address to Congress. "The first is freedom ofspeech and expression-everywhere in the world. The second is freedom of everyperson to worship God in his own way-everywhere in the world. The third isfreedom want-which, translated into world terms, means economic understandingswhich will secure to every nation a healthy peacetime life for its inhabitants-everywhere in the world. The forth is freedom from fear-which, translated intoworld terms, means a world-wide reduction of armaments to such a point and insuch a through fashion that no nation will be in a position to commit an act ofphysical aggrestion against any neighbor-anywhere in the world,& quot statedPresident Roosevelt.     The first Americans followed their dream toward freedom by coming toAmerica and founding the colonies which have evoled into the cities and townspresent to this day. The officers and soldiers of our great country followedtheir dream toward freedom by fighting and sacrificing their lives for the

Solar Heating Essay -- Solar Sun Energy Essays

Solar Heating It seems self-evident that, as a global society, we must innovation eventually from the nonrenewable fossil fuels we currently rely on to renewable sources of energy such as biomass, wind, and particularly solar energy. The latter, though it involves some difficulties, which we allow for discuss shortly, is especially attractive, I think, because its source is the energy provided by the sun, which is so vast that, according to some, if it could be effectively harnessed, devil days worth of solar energy could provide more power than all kn admit fossil fuel reserves. (Duke Power) Because I will be getting a house of my own in just a few years, I decided that an interesting topic for study might be solar heating. There are two various kinds of solar heating, so I will briefly discuss them bothActive Solar Heating There are two different kinds of active solar heating systems air and liquid. In both kinds of Active Solar Heating, flat pl ate solar energy collectors are installed on the cover or on the ground. Most often, the side that faces the sun has a glass or plastic cover and the inside space is a black captivating material. Air systems use air to capture, transfer, and store heat produced by the collectors, while the liquid systems use water or an antifreeze solution. From there, fans or pumps deliver the heat to the house. Ultimately, I feel I would opt for the liquid system, because they cost less to operate and ta...

Needing Wolves in Yellowstone :: Yellowstone National Park Wildlife Essays

Needing Wolves in YellowstoneWHY THERE HAVE BEEN NO WOLVES IN YELLOWSTONE A Brief History Around 1930, the last wolf was spotted in the Yellowstone Area by a paid hunter, he got a cerebrovascular accident off but his aim was not true. That was the last recorded sighting of a gray wolf in the Yellowstone Park land. From 1918 to 1935 government scouts recorded cleansing 35 mountain lions, 2,968 coyotes and 114 wolves (Phillips 1996). Those are total numbers, since a wolf hadnt been seen since 1930, the 114 wolves had been exterminated in the early 1920s. In 1933, the Park adopted a slightly humanistic policy, taking a stance on limiting the unnecessary killing of predators in the Park, but it was too late Humanity had successfully extinguished genus Canis lupus along with its food sources and habitat from the west (Phillips 1996). (Canis rufus is the red wolf, which has been restored to the southwest since 1987). From the 1800s through the 1930s was a time of horrific destruction i n the west. Between the United States administration and the newly formed National Park Service, predatory animals were slaughtered continuously. Even the urging of the President of the United States could not slow this thirst for dominance and desecration. President Theodore Roosevelt wrote a letter to the Superintendent of Yellowstone imploring the army to stop the killing, yet it went on relentlessly. Times have changed. In 1972, thoughts of restoring the wolf to Yellowstone National Park, as part of its current biodiversity, began to circulate. In part, the new philosophy of wildlife management (verses wildlife destruction) came into being with the help of a man by the name of Dr. Starker Leopold, chairman of the Interior Secretarys Advisory Board. He authored a paper later to be known as the Leopold report, which stated As a primary goal, we would recommend that the biotic associations within each park be maintained, or where necessary recreated. (Phillips 1996). This documen t began to outline the critical areas of preservation and helped to turn peoples thoughts from consumption to conservation. There were many others before him who tried to warn people of the deviation of our wild areas, such as John Muir, Aldo Leopold (who advocated the reintroduction of the wolf to Yellowstone as early as 1944), and a significant political force, Theodore Roosevelt, but it was not until the public began to hear that the environment was in terrible shape, and was not responding well to the continuing pattern of rape and pillage, that support for wolf restoration started to gain momentum.

Iran Provides No Freedom of Speech on the Internet -- Argumentative Ess

IntroductionCongress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free cypher thereof or abridging the granting immunity of speech, or of the press or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.The first amendment of the piece of music of the coupled States of America seat often be taken for granted. In many third-world countries, the idea of freedom of speech is in the back of peoples minds, but almost never brought to the forefront of issues facing the country and government. In recent years, this has become especially evident in the pose East. In the United States, we are shown a display of the harsh authoritative rule of governments over their people in the Middle East, reminding us of how lucky we are to have freedom of speech and media to express our views, no matter how unpopular they are.When the Constitution was first drafted, the conception of anything remotely close to the Internet was in no ones mind. Freedom of speech, as it were, pertained to the media (i.e., newspapers, magazines, etc). Only recently with the widespread expansion of the Internet, has the value of freedom of speech really been codn. People from any walk of life can post their opinions in this medium, where it can be seen by anyone else in the world. In the United States, there is not much of an ideological shift here because basically anything that could be said before the Internet can be said with the Internet. Of course there are some exceptions when it comes to war-time, but for the most part we see freedom of speech being taken to its full advantage.In the Middle East, and specifically in Iran, there has never been anything like th... ... it the most. However, with new Iranian network sites popping up almost everyday in Iran as well as in the United States, it is impossible to stop.ReferencesBabak Rahimi, Cyberdissent The Internet in Revolutionary Iran, 2003, Middl e Eastern Review of International Affairs, Volume 7, No. 3, September 2003, http//meria.idc.ac.il/journal/2003/issue3/jv7n3a7.html. Haleh Nazeri, Imagined Cyber Communities, Iranians and the Internet, 1996, New York University, December 1996, http//w3fp.arizona.edu/mesassoc/Bulletin/nazeri.htm. Lydia Heller, Iran Anonymity of the Internet Fosters Freedom of Expression, 2003, Deutsche Welle, July 15 2003, http//www.qantara.de/webcom/show_article.php?wc_c=478&wc_id=14.Reporters Without Borders, Conservatives muzzle the Internet during elections, February 24 2004, http//www.rsf.org/article.php3?id_article=9373.

Media And Baseball :: essays research papers

Media affects everyone and everything There is no escape.Media is everywhere and surrounds everything. HenryJenkins and Marshall McLuhan have differing points ofview as to what the meaning of media is. They both,however, have their particular ponits which they describewell. Jenkins dialogue about the different types of cultures thatexist, focusing on popular culture, in his essay, "WhatEveryone Should Know About Popular Culture." Mcluhantalks about the concepts of Narcicism and the "GlobalVillage." Both Jenkins and McLuhans ideas posterior befocused on a particular thing, such as Baseball. That can befurther confounded set down and analyzed at the team level. The Los Angeles Dodgers have most recently been thecenter of attention due to the top media coverage of theteam. The team does, however, have a great history. Theywere originally known as the Brooklyn dodgers until theymade a move to Los Angeles in 1958. They then becamethe Los Angeles Dodgers and their owne r became WalterOMalley. He was the owner and president for the nexttwenty dollar bill years. After that, he passed the team down to hisson Peter. This is a great example of Jenkins definition ofFolk Culture. A very important item was passed downfrom generation to generation of OMalleys, eventhough theitem was quite massive. Throughout the years, however,the Dodgers were much a part of popular culture. Baseballwas known as "Americas Favorite Past-time," and still is.The usance that the OMalley family had with the Dodgerslasted until 1998, when a big corporation, the FOX groupowned by Rupert Murdoch, took over the team. This wasa time of change, but some could argue was for the best. Being owned bythe FOX group means there is more media exposure forthe team. Now that the team is owned by Rupert Murdoch,McLuhans ideas about media can be implemented.McLuhans concept of narcicism can clearly be seen withthe transition of the Dodgers from family-owned tocorporation-owned. The ava ilability of large funds toacquire key players makes the Dodgers seem narcicistic.People can think that they love themselves so much, thatthey depart do anything to win. Most recently, Kevin Brown,one of the leagues top pitchers was signed to a 105 milliondollar contract for 7 years. This is the biggest contract inbaseball history. This and another(prenominal) aquisitions was supposedto lead the Dodgers to excellence this year. Unfortunatelyfor Dodgers fans, this did not happen. The team is 20games out of first place with no chance of making post flavor play. All that can be done is look back and startthinking about next season.

Mix of Pagan and Christian Ideas in Beowulf :: Epic of Beowulf Essay

The Mix of Pagan and Christian Ideas in Beowulf Beowulf was written in England around 1000 AD. This provides us with an idea of a poem that was written during a time when the society had converted from paganism to christianity(Cohen 138). We know that paganism did exist alongside Christianity during the approximate era that Beowulf was composed(Hall 61). The Christian influences were combined with archean folklore and heroic legends of dramatic tribes, early Beowulf scholars began to investigate whether or not Christian and biblical influences were added later to originally pagan influences(Hall 61). The Christian elements are almost without exception so deeply ingrained in the fabric of the poem that they cannot be explained away as the work of a reviser or later interpolator(Klaeber 2). The accompaniment that the two values are so closely intertwined in the poem, I believe that is the reason Beowulf has both Christian and pagan influences. The pagan elements in the big poem Be owulf are evident in the characters superhuman personifications. Beowulf is depicted as a superhero. Beowulf takes it upon himself to save the Danes from Grendel. In his battle with Grendel, Beowulf chooses not to use weapons he relies on his super strength. During the fight, Beowulfs strength takes over and Beowulf wrestles with Grendel until he is able to rip one of the monsters arms out of its socket. Superhuman feats also appear in the fight with Grendels mother. When Beowulf enters the water, he swims downward for an entire day before he sees the bottom. He does this without the use of oxygen. During the battle with Grendels mother, Beowulf realizes that Unferths sword is useless against the monsters thick skin. He grabs an enormous sword do by giants, almost too heavy to hold and slashes through the monsters body. This superhero strength continues into the battle with the dragon. By this time, Beowulf is an old man. He stands up to the dragon and wounds him. Although Beowulf is fatally maimed himself, he still manages to deliver the final blow that kills the dragon. Grendel is also seen as a superhuman monster. Grendel has no knowledge of weapons so he too depends on his extraordinary strength to destroy his enemies. The dragon is also seen as a super powerful adversary. As in most pagan folklore, the dragon is a much used enemy of the hero of the story(Greenfield 87).

To what extent do pressure groups undermine democracy

It is a varied opinion in society that tweet groups undermine democracy both(prenominal) people take strongly, some people dont. It is hard to begin to analyse whether this is the case or not, as there are a varying amount of factors that need to be considered before a final decision and be made. In the first instance of answering this question, we need to find out the two types of squeeze groups elitist pressure groups and pluralist pressure groups.Elitism is the theory that semipolitical power is concentrated in the hands of a few, which therefore sort of emphasises a dictatorship in some instances. Whereas the other type of pressure group ideology is the theory of the distribution of political power that holds that power is widely and evenly fan outd in society, preferably than concentrated in the hands of an elite or ruling class, which from an outside point of view, would look like it promotes democracy.Supporters of pressure group would lead this on to rate that pressu re groups enhance this sense of pluralism in our democracy and make our elective system much more effective. Although the opposite argument to this is that people claim that numerous organized groups can undermine the policy making process because they are dominated by people with vested interests concerned hardly to improve the position of original groups within society, not the welfare of the whole country. cart groups also help to promote democracy because they unfold the distribution of political power because pressure groups compete against unitary another and this ensures that no group can remain on top of all the others, so prevents an elitist situation whereby the ideologies pluralism is completely outcast from the situation. However as unmatchable group begins to turn more influential, other groups come into existence to combat them and offer rival viewpoints.Due to this, exoteric policy is created through an ongoing debate amid rival groups that ensures that polit ical influence is widely and evenly dispersed. However, as we already know, a healthy democracy needs a high level of political participation in order to function correctly. Pressure groups are thought to have a positivist effect on political participation because pressure groups support single issue politics because most pressure group are seen to be fighting for one issue, and people like this sense of works to one targeted issue and it has become popular amongst young peopleto join in with the grass-roots activism that pressure groups are promoting, so supporters of pressure groups say that they accession political participation.Evidence for this increase in political participation is that in the 2005 general election the turnout was 61. 4%, however the 2010 general election saw a 2 million increase in the electoral turnout to 65% from 2005 to now, there has been an ever-increasing number of pressure group memberships, so this may show a positive correlation between pressure g roup memberships and political participation.Supporters of pressure groups would also say that pressure groups are good for democracy as they educate the electorate. Pressure groups promote political debate and argument and in doing this, they give birth to a more educated voter and this then leads to and improved quality of public policy. Without this education, it would be simply down to the media to educate the electorate on this issue, which is a very flimsy way of doing so. Pressure groups also offer alternative view points and widen information available to the public.For example the NSPCC offers a huge education programme on their website in order to educate their members on the wider issues of child cruelty. In some ways, pressure groups are able to raise the quality of political debate by introducing specialist knowledge and greater expertise. However pressure groups do lug democracy in the sense that they sometimes hold a disproportionate influence over the government du e to the power which particular groups hold. For example the BMA represents only a small proportion of the country.Yet it has great influence over the government because its members provide an important service. A further example of this factor is the NFU. Again, they represent a small proportion of the country, but retain a huge influence over the government as they provide Britains food supply. Another monarchal swash of pressure groups is the way in which their influence can rely on financial clout rather than the proportion of public support. This theory applies to many of the security groups whom have greater capital than many well supported causal groups.An example is Bernie Ecclestone who used to have connections with Tony Blair to arrange a meeting in which the crown minister view asd to extend the deadline for the removal of tobacco advertising in formula one racing by 5 years, a few months later Ecclestone made a 1 million pound donation to the labour party, so conne ctions like this from pressure group members to high profile people, lead to undemocratic things like this occurring. In addition to this, power held by pressure groups can depend on the size of the membership.Initially, this many seem more of a democratic factor rather than a undemocratic feature surely if a group has a large membership it represents more of public opinion than one which has fewer members. An example which proves this is that of Anti-vivsection. The anti vivisection group has a reasonably large membership, yet the vast majority of the public support animal testing for checkup purposes. In fact, up until 2005 no pressure group which opposed the views of anti vivisection even existed. If we were to go purely by the membership of these group prior to 2005, the information would indicate that 100% of the pubic supported anti vivisection.One of the main reasons as to why the pluralist image of group politics is bad, is that it doesnt simply just disperse power more wi dely and empower ordinary citizens, pressure groups simply tend to empower the powerful even more and it therefore increases political inequality. Pluralists compete back and say that political in equality is broadly democratic, in that most successful groups are the ones with the large membership base however in reality, the most powerful pressure groups are the one which have the most money, so this is another reason as to why pressure groups undermine democracy, because they increase political inequality.In conclusion I believe that there are several ways in which pressure groups do undermine democracy, however I agree with the pluralist view that allowing a wide range of beliefs and ideologies to flourish promotes democracy, mainly by educating the public into making informal judgements on current affairs.

Technology Making Our Lives Easier

As we be raised in a society where everything is simply handed to us, we tend to take m any things for granted that others in the population do not have. Things like GPS, ph cardinals, credit cards, cameras, and insulin pumps help us live a qualitative and productive life and NASA has played a very keystone role in developing many technologies like these. From invisible braces to long-distance communication devices, NASA has brought up inventions that we consistently use every day in our lives.A device that many people in the world rely on everyday and something that has made a huge difference in peoples lives is the water filtration system(s). NASA eldest made it to be used on the space station or in a spacecraft, and since then the water filtration system is a must-have in any place in the world. NASA showed amazing ingenuity to control bacterial contamination in space, and because of that, we have learned how to control pollutants in water here on earth.We see water filtration systems to a greater extent than we think, and it allows us to enjoy a healthy lifestyle. Whether its through swimming pools or manufacturing processes, the water filtration systems affects our lives every day in a positive way. There are many different founts of water filters and you can classify them by the way they work, but they all need to do one byplay and thats in effect filter and purify water. One type of a water filtration system is the reverse osmosis, which is the process of removing dissolved inorganic solids out of a solution (water).This type of system involves using many different filters and membranes in order to purify and improve the drinking quality of water. There are be attitudes ultraviolet systems which do a remarkable job at disinfecting water. Ultraviolet systems can destroy 99. 99% of harmful microorganisms in the water very effectively and they do this by using a lamp or bulb which emits UV light which is then used as energy to attack the microorganis m in the water and essentially destroy it, thus making the water free of future bacteria.There are many other type of systems like the Carefree Clearwater systems (which are based on NASAS late 1900s technology) which are not only used for drinking water in the home, but also for pool and shower water. These type of large-scale systems clean the water in a pool or hot-tub by using the same type of strategy as the UV systems. They difference ions like copper and silver to destroy bacteria and algae in the system. These type of systems would work better than cleaning with chlorine because they have less nwanted side effects like burning eyes and bleached skin or hair (due to the copper and silver ions not dissipating from heat and sunlight, unlike chlorine) and they are more stable and productive to work with. Water filtration systems affect our lives everyday throughout everything we do. Without them, clean and purified water would be difficult to dress across, and civilization wou ld eventually come to a halt. Whether its the water that we drink or the pool that we love to swim in, systems like the reverse osmosis and the Carefree Clearwater are at work and doing an incredible job in order to make our daily lives healthy and enjoyable.

Class Room Survey on Mobile Phones Essay

Mobile Mania A Classroom survey on mobile phones Mobile phone is a smart communication media. both day around the world, billions of people are using a mobile. Whether they are using while driving vehicles, watching television or speaking on the phone, all these are classified under a single sub-heading Mobile Mania. Millions of people own a mobile phone these days, and mobiles are no more a luxury or a life style product. Mobile phones, which were one of the beautiful possessions of anybody not until a decade ago, have now drive a necessity to the common man.Table-1 Brand used Mobile phones are a common form of contacting others who may live on the other align of the world. But gone are the days when people used it only for communication purpose. The roles of mobile phones are varied and a survey conducted among 60 students of JSB helps the detective to reveal the use of mobile phones apart from basic communication. In this study, the researcher has analyzed the brand preferenc e of mobile phone. The analysis of the data is based on the attitude or opinion, consumer awareness and selection of brand of mobile phones in JSB.

Events in Czechoslovakia in 1938-1939 Essay

Ultimately, the events in Czechoslovakia in 1938-1939 played a major role in contributing to the blast of world struggle 2 as it ended the appeasement policy and led to Britains realization that war was the only declaration. However, the national socia heel soviet promise is also a factor as it gave germany the confidence to invade Poland, a move that guaranteed war. After the anschluss, Czechoslovakia was next on hitlers list of expansion. The Czech government felt threatened, and sought support from Britain and france should Hitler invade Czechoslovakia, and both Britain and france felt bound to help them. On 15 kinfolktember 1938, Hitler told chamberlain that he would adventure war to bring the Sudeten germans into germany. Chamberlain found his demands reasonable, and decided that areas in which more than half the population was germans should be handed over to Hitler. However on 22 sep Hitler stepped his demands and asked for the whole of Sudetenland.Originally, chamberlai n rejected his demands. Eventually, in an attempt to avoid war, he, along with Mussolini and the prime minister of france decided that Sudetenland would be given to germany. This was k instantlyn as the munich agreement (29 sep). Czechoslovakia was not consulted, and it had felt betrayed. Following that, Hitler then assured chamberlain that he had no further claims in Europe. However, in march 1939, Hitler took over the rest of Czechoslovakia, showing that he could not be trusted. Following that, Britain and france both abandoned the appeasement policy and announced that it would declare war on germany in event that Hitler invaded Poland.However, the nazi soviet pact was also an extremely important factor as it enabled Hitler to avoid a two frontwar, and allowed him to continue to provoke the western countries as stalin now secured his eastern border. Hence, Hitler could now channel all his resources to fighting the western front. Hitler learnt 2 important lessons from the First Wor ld War. Firstly, the importance of the involvement of Russia if a Slavic nation was attacked and next the mental strain of having to fight a war on two fronts. Therefore, the nazi soviet pact was signed on 23 august 1939 where communist Russia agreed to await neutral if Poland was attacked.It also contained a secret protocol whereby germany and Russia agreed to carve up Poland between them, with germany getting the western part and Russia getting the eastern parts along with Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia. With this, Hitler felt assured and proceeded to attack Poland, which unleashed the second world war. In analysis, the events in Czechoslovakia played an extremely significant role in contributing to the outbreak of war in 1939 as compared to the signing of the nazi soviet pact. The events in Czechoslovakia had laid the foundation for the outbreak of war, and it was after the invasion of Czech that led to Britains realization that hitlers aims went way further than merely just r edressing the wrongs of the Treaty of Versailles. It showed that Hitler aimed to dominate central Eastern Europe and British knew that war was the only solution in stopping him.Furthermore, the invasion of Czechoslovakia was so unjust that it gave Britain the high moral ground to defend the right without regard to self-interest. This was the point when Britain and France announced that they would declare war on Hitler were he to invade Poland. Although the nazi soviet pact did play a small role, it merely acted as the trigger for the invasion of Poland. Hitlers invasion of Poland was inevitable, and the pact merely sped up the process. Rather, the decision of Britain and france to abandon appeasement and to defend Poland was made after the events in Czechoslovakia is 1938-1939, thus making it more crucial.

National Crime & Criminal Information System

foregoing Project Plan For the National Crime knowledge System Project Group Members Asebe Jeware Bereka Yesuf Betreab Solomon Fantaye Kumssa Hijira Seid Tadesse Aregawi Tilaye Teshome Table of Contents 1Executive Summary3 2Project Scope6 3 pass judgment Benefits8 4Preliminary Project Timeline9 5Preliminary Staffing Requirements10 6Preliminary Risk Assessment11 7Preliminary Assumptions12 8Preliminary Budget13 9This Project And Its adjoin On Or By Other Projects14 10This Project And Its Impact On Or By Existing Systems15 11This Project And Its Impact On Or By Existing Infra social organization16 12Recommendations / Next Steps17 13Appendices18Executive Summary TheNational Crime reading System (NCIS) testament be the countrys central entropybase for tracking crime-related training. The project would act as a computerized index of crime and distressing justness information (i. e. criminal record history information, fugitives, stolen properties, wanted and missing persons) and wi ll be in stock(predicate) to federal practice of law, Regional state Police commissions, Federal Ministry of Justice, Federal Ethics and Anti-Corruption Commission, Federal Prison Administration, Authorized law enforcement agencies and other criminal nicety organizations and it will be operational 24 hours a day.The purpose for maintaining the NCIS is to leave a computerized database for ready access by the Federal Police making an inquiry and for prompt disclosure of information in the dodging from other criminal justice agencies about crimes and criminals. This information assists authorized agencies in criminal justice and related law enforcement objectives, such as apprehending fugitives, locating missing persons, locating and return stolen property, generating statistical data on crimes and criminals as rise as in the protection of the law enforcement officers encountering the individuals described in the system.The project would be involved in eliciting the requirement s from Federal Police, Regional State Polices, Ministry of Justice and Other Stakeholders, understanding those requirements and developing a prototype of the application that we begin planned to build. The NCIS project will be completed in two years. We plan to achieve maximum automation of crime Investigation process and try to minimize the manual intervention. The system will have a common database in which authorized officers can easily find crime and criminal information anywhere in the country. BackgroundEthiopia has an administrative structure of federal system in which states forming the federation govern themselves through their own legislative, judiciary and executive organs. There are nine regional states and two urban center administrative councils that form the Government. This necessitates a high degree of coordination among the Federal Government, states and other institutions towards achieving national objectives. The Federal Police which is one of the major law enf orcement bodies is expected to bet a pivotal role in the administration of Crime Prevention and Investigation.However, the absence of a well organized National Crime development system has remained a major challenge to the Organizations in Criminal Justice to carryout their duties and responsibilities successfully. This reality makes it mandatory to create and develop a well defined and systematized crime data collection method and the establishment of a sustainable Crime Information System that would be used as inexhaustible source of data/information for purposes of crime prevention, criminal investigation, policy formulation etc. Scope (X months or years in duration)The Project will introduce a new Information System with the following features It records and manages the national crimes and criminals information. Manages and Records missing, wanted persons and fugitives. Locating stolen properties and missing persons. Searching and generating statistical report on crimes an d criminals. Providing information on missing persons and stolen properties for further investigation. Outcomes / Expected Benefits The NCIS will make available a variety of records to be used for law enforcement and security purposes.These records are made up of a variety of forms of personal and property records. The information in the NCIS assists authorized agencies in criminal justice objectives, such as apprehending fugitives, locating missing persons, locating and returning stolen property, as well as in the protection of the law enforcement officers encountering the individuals described in the system. The system will have crime database information which will be centrally available and shared among stakeholders. Make available statistical data on crimes and criminals that would help in providing education to the public on major crimes Researchers and study centers will have access to the database information relevant for their purpose. Make available Statistical data on crimes that would help in revising existing laws and crime prevention directions considerably assign data on criminals, missing persons, and lost properties. Formulates means and methods of criminal statistical data collection, organization , analysis and interpretation necessary to study the causes of crimes and institution methods of crime prevention Project Scope Project Name National Crime Information System (NCIS) Project Sponsor(s) Project Manager Federal Police Fantaye Project Start Date Project End Date October 2010 October 2012 Goals / Objectives The business goals and objectives for this project will focus on implementing an Information System that Facilitates coordination and information manduction between the major law enforcement and crime prevention organizations of the country Facilitates coordinated crime prevention and reduction. Provides high levels of data security. Facilitates the electronic capture of data at its source. Eliminate redundant dat a entry throughout the organization. provide a computerized data base for ready access by a criminal justice Organs Project goals and objectives Ensure that end users have input into the design process. Accomplish project business goals and objectives within defined budget and time parameters. derogate impact to standard business operations within the affected units. Craft a favorable and secure agreement between the Department and the selected vendor. Background / muniment The absence of a centrally shared information system on crimes and criminals is a major problem for all criminal justices bodies of the country to easily allocate wanted persons, locate missing properties and have a realistic statistical data on major crimes.This reality makes it mandatory to create and develop a well defined and systematized crime data collection method and the establishment of a sustainable Crime Information System that would be used as inexhaustible source of data/information f or purposes of crime prevention, criminal investigation, policy formulation etc. Project Deliverables The following are the tangible deliverables for this project Preliminary Project Plan Requirements Elicitation Requirements Analysis Architectural Design Object/Component Design Coding Testing Final version of all documents impalpable deliverables Security Performance Availability Accuracy Completeness Project Boundaries The project is limited to handle crime and criminal related information.

Journey: Finding Nemo

Finding Nemo highlights the adventures of a clownfish named Nemo, as he unexpectedly gets captured at the Drop Off and sent to Sydney. His dad, Marlin, and his fri death, Dory, go in search of Nemo encountering many dangers of the ocean. While they continue finding him, Nemo meets new friends at a fish army tank of a dentist clinic in which help him escape. Towards the end, Marlin finds Nemo and together they go back to their home at the anemone.The film, Finding Nemo, is about the journey as Nemo travel from the known to the unfamiliar and the adventures that argon encountered as Marlin searches for Nemo. For instance, Nemo arrives at his first day of school where he travels away from the anemone in which he lives to a new place. It is a thrilling experience which is suggested through the playful background music. Nemos facial expression also shows his admiration and amazement to the many colourful creatures of the sea which he has not seen before.He unpredictably gets caught in t he hands of a diver due to his disobedience acts against his dad. He is taken to a fish tank where weeds and stones are artificial, space is greatly confined compared to that of the ocean and those that live in the tank including Gill, Peach, Bubbles, Jacques, Deb, Bloat and Gurgle, are the strangers in which become Nemos friends. The audience knows that the unfamiliar back tooth be frightening as Nemo repeatedly says Wheres my daddy? after his capture from the diver. Marlin on the other hand experiences the great dangers of the ocean which he has never thought of encountering as he warns Nemo that the ocean is not safe. His traumatic past through his loss of his wife and many clownfish babies makes him afraid of stepping out of his anemone however, Nemo becomes the motivating for him to search further abroad the sea.He swims to an isolated part of the sea where he meets the three sharks, Bruce, Anchor and Chum, and then for the first time travels across a orotund group of jell y fish and meets sea turtles of Sydney. Nemos and Marlins journey to the unfamiliar has led them to step out of their comfort zone and further explore the world that exists away from their home. It is very different to what they are used to, therefore leading them to adapt and become a well-informed individual they evolved into by the end of the film.

Orthoses Intervention Essay

Presently, there exists a wide variety of various clinical interventions which are on the market based on personal interest, experience and skills of each clinician. Accordingly, it has become intricate for the therapist and also the patient to select the closely effectual treatment for their specific problem. Since all the people who work in the headspringness sector are involved in being answerable for providing best tools and options for the most efficient intervention, clinicians have a challenge treat their patients with the most efficient available intervention.Research hypothesisThe hypothesis formulated for this research is Orthoses are a clinically successful Podiatric Intervention Disease selected for the research background teaching A patient suffering from Charcot-Marie-Tooth sickness was prescribed for an mortise joint- break up orthoses to assist his pace. The patient was an ardent bicyclist and sought an evaluation of the impact of orthoses on his ardent ride activities, and also his gait.The impact of three mortise-and-tenon joint-foot orthoses on the joint angles when bicycling and locomote and, ankle torque as well as production of creator during walking processes as well as heart rate when bicycling were calculated. The quantitative impacts of every AFO on walking and bicycling workings are and then discussed in relation to the patients inclination. Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) sickness is a genetic neuropathic illness which results in progressive degenerate of the muscles which are distal to the knee and commonly results in gait restrictions.Ankle-foot orthoses (AFOs) devices have been used and revealed to have constructive impact on the gait of patients who are suffering from ankle muscle weakness, which includes restitution of heel strike, heighten management of plantar flexion subsequent to foot strike, normalizing of heel rise, improved thrust for the period of push-off, stabilizing of the knee when i n spatial relation, and reduction in quaint hip and knee flexion in the process of swinging.The design of AFO might as well influence gait movement in patients who have CMT sickness. In the present study, we shall assess the effects of three different kinds of AFOs on joint angles when walking and also when bicycling, the ankle torque as well as power production when walking, and the heart rate in the course of bicycling for an individual suffering from CMT. The research also discusses the association amid(prenominal) these effects as well as the patients liking for AFO variety for walking as well as bicycling. MethodologySubsequent to manufacture and the patient was fitted with AFOs , the patient was later pass to use the AFO as much as he could for walking as well as bicycling, he was also asked to decide which one of the braces he had used he favored for each different activity. When a period of a bout one month elapsed during which the patient was using the devices, the gait of the patient was evaluated without AFO and also with the three different AFOs. Another period of two weeks elapsed and the patients bicycling activity was assessed without the AFO at first and then with the three different AFOs afterwards. ResultsGait speed The resulted indicated that, the pace of walking on the ground was quicker when using the no-AFO read (1. 09 m/s), then the unwavering ankle AFO state followed with (1. 04 m/s), and this was followed by the puke contract AFOs and the prefabricated AFO (1. 01 m/s). The usual self-chosen adult walking pace ranges between 1. 33 m/s and 1. 51 m/s, (Pierson-Carey et al, 1997) so the patients walking pace was slower compared to the normal pace. The variations in pace amongst the three AFO states as well as the no-brace state are minute, however using the AFOs might have reduced the patients walking pace a little.Joint angles The key distinction in joint angles happened at the joint of the ankle during swing point with the utiliz ation of solid ankle as well as posterior trim AFOs. It was observed that the prefabricated AFO had slight minute on ankle joint angles when contrasted with the no-AFO state. During a foot strike where an AFO was not used and when the prefabricated AFO was used the results were that the ankle of the patient was plantar flexed. In addition, there was notwithstanding a small upward angulation position of the foot comparative to the floor (Table1).But, when posterior trim AFO as well as solid ankle AFO were used, the ankle joint of the patient was observed to b in dorsiflexion at point of the foot strike with an additional normal heel strike. Ankle torque A persons internal ankle torque production is due to a different muscle activity in the body inactive broadening of tissue, as well as restrictions due to the AFO and also the shoe. Contrasted with usual gait, every state resulted in a lot lesser torque production for dorsiflexion as well as plantar flexion (Figure 1).It was observ ed that, the solid ankle and posterior trim AFO conditions both resulted in dorsiflexion torques of longer period following foot strike when contrasted with the no-AFO as well as the prefabricated AFO states produced results which were inline with the ankle joint angle resolutions, which revealed a lot of heel strike with solid ankle as well as posterior trim AFO. Discussion It is commonly accepted that putting on ankle foot orthosis (AFO) can result in a positive degree impact on the gait in patient suffering from hemiplegia.The orthoses assist in a number of functions in ambulation which includes controlling dorsiflexion and also plantarlexion in stance as well as swing stages of gait. In addition, AFOs are believed to steady the ankle in ankles transverse and frontal planes in clock of gait activities and balance. Pierson-Carey, et al (1997) however, points out that, traditionally, a normal metal (Bicaal) AFOs have in the past been researched to additional asses clinical obser vation on joint stableness among patients with Charcot-Marie-Tooth who use these devicesLehmann, et al (1986) observes that, in the process of the mid stance as well as propulsion stages of gait of the patient, the no-AFO as well as posterior trim AFO states led in lesser values of plantar flexion torque being produced when compared to solid ankle AFO or even the prefabricated AFO states. When in the mid stance point of gait of the patient, the plantar flexors usually offer restrictions to forward movement of the tibia, while the foot of the patient remains rooted on the ground. In the propulsion stage the plantar flexors usually operate to bring fourth heel rise as well as plantar flexion of the patient. good ankle AFO as well as the prefabricated AFO were observed to be more efficient in offering plantar flexion torque (restriction to dorsiflexion) when in these stages. On the while the posterior trim AFO was formulated to give restriction to plantar flexion and not resist dorsifl exion, as a result it was not as efficient to provide to plantar flexion torque in these stages. Conclusions This research has concluded that, using the posterior trim as well as solid ankle AFOs when walking reduced the extreme hip and knee flexion of an individual.It also reduces the ankle plantar flexion in the process of swinging. However, there were no significant modifications during stance period. The patient in the case study was conscious of these encouraging transformations in his gait when using the AFOs. Nevertheless these transformations were not important generous to result in him using AFOs in every circumstance, and as such the patient used them merely in circumstances in when the look of his hold gait was imperative to him only.When the patient indeed used AFOs for walking, the patient favored the posterior trim AFO compared to the solid ankle AFO since it fit him better than the posterior trim into his dress shoes. When cycling his bicycle, usage of the different AFOs reduced the inclination toward extreme dorsiflexion when performing the downward stroke and the solid ankle AFO was observed as the most efficient. Consequently the patient favored to using solid ankle AFO when cycling, however the patient did not detect any variation in the cycling speed on his normal road bicycle when using solid ankle AFO.However as Lehmann (1993) notes not any of the AFOs attested to be better in walking process or cycling activities, as such the patient favored to using dissimilar AFOs for these activities. More research would be required integrate diverse AFO designs, equipment, and positions, to establish if it is probable to formulate one particular AFO which optimizes the patients walking as well as bicycling effectiveness. Extra outcome procedures, which include oxygen expenditure and ankle power assessments when cycling, might assist to better discern amongst variations in performance which are attributed to the using of diverse AFOs.

School play – “Heroin Lies”

Drugs and the use of medicates is a common problem with young people in society. The two productions I will be comparing in this essay two run on the bailiwick of drugs. Our work out performed in class is called diacetylmorphine Lies and this will be compargond to tear apart a bind and then tv programme also running on the theme of drugs. Heroin Lies the play was create verbally by Wayne Denfhy in 1991, comp ard to Junk written by Melvin Burgess in 1996, and as research I sound out the original book as I felt it would help me to compare to Heroin Lies.In our performance of Heroin Lies I play the part of David who is the father of heroin addict Vicky. I had to say up the role as a strict father who wanted his family to be strong and was very dissapointed in his daughter Vicky when she admitted to pickings the drugs, however he shares a mutual respect with his other baby Jason, who also featured in out perfomance. I stick toed and read some shows and books to try and exami ne diametric aspects of fatherhood to make my perfomance spot on, I also made diagrams of my character and would write divergent aspects of their livelihood around the diagram to try and get to know the part I would be taking up and thei characteristics.To help me in my work I looked for information in many different places, such as the library where I would read books on heroin so that I would live knowledgeble to the work we were studying. I also went onto the internet and watched tv programmes where I would be able to watch a performance by an actor playing a Dad that could enhance my performance as I would try and translate the way the actors I watched would move and talk etc. In addition to this I would also watch the actions of my own dad to see if any of his characteristics would help me when rehearsing for the part of David. To help me with undertand Junk I read the book as research for more background information on the story and characters.Heroin Lies is basically a story of a normal family getting pulled apart and ruined down to the daughter Vicky taking heroin. The four main parts are David (Father, played by myself), Jean (Mother), Jason (Son, brother of Vicky) and Vicky (Daughter and heroin addict). As the p consider continues throughout the play, Vicky ends up dying at the end,this saddening the auidience and most notably the three remaining genus Phalluss of the family. The play targets drugs and young people just givig into them, Teenage pressures that the excuse eh? (David, scene 15). Throughout the play, family arguments, monologues all add to the theme of drugs as they are mainly arguments about how Vicky has let the family down. Another key theme is the one of well-favoured in, as thats how Vicky takes the heroin in the first place as she gives into her friend Mandy.Junk is alike to Heroin lies in many ways, its also a story of drug abuse and young people cock-a-hoop in and getting addicted to heroin. Its set in Bristol in the 198 0s. Its a story of young lovers auction pitch and Gemma both running away from home to live together but end up with drug users who get the two of them into drugs such as heroin. Tar is very different to Vicky and Gemma as his parents dont really do that he has left and wouldnt care to find out he does drugs, whereas Vicky and Gemma both has protective paresnts that are devasted to find out that their daughters do drugs, although Gemmas dont really ever find out. Again like Heroin lies Gemma starts drugs down to mates pressure and giving into friends, I got something in here that might change your mind Tar says to Gemma as he waits to give her a cigarette.Our performance is set in the present day, compared to Junk which was set in the 80s. I feel that the 20 year gap between the two productions is hard to tell as drugs have been, and always will be a danger to society and in both we fuel feel the dangers of heroin taking and the affect its having on characters such as Gemma, Ta r and Vicky.Some characters are alkie to one another on both plays, in Heroin Lies Vicky is alike to the part of Gemma from Junk, I think this is because they are around the same age, they both gave in to taking heroin and they are both from working class families who are bitterly dissapointed in them becoming drug addicts. Also its evident that in both plays the father roles played by David in Heroin Lies and the father in Junk are alike as they both command the relationships with their wives and they are both feeling that they are in agree of the situations regarding Vickys drug problem, and Gemma running away from home, although really neither of them have any control in the pay aside whatsoever He asked you to stay out all night with him (Gemmas father to Gemma when she tells of how she wated to stay out with Tar). many an(prenominal) of the viewers may be able to relate to the parts of Vicky, Gemma, Tar, Jason David, Jean etc, as they too may have been in a similiar situaio n. This shows how effective a play can be with this sort of relevancy and social histroical content.The members of our performance are all young and we cn relate to the arguments with the parents, therefore making it a lot easier to act as we can relate to real life issues. This may be alike to the actors and actresses in the tv programme of Junk as they were around the same age as the people in my aggroup and myself. The theme of drugs and heroin usage is a strong theme to use as a stimulas in our performance and the original of the book and play.In our play we apply many theartre skills to master the helping hand we were given. We have used real life issues from our own lives to use in the performance as we feel that it would give us a better understanding of the words we were saying, this meaning better acting, giving off a better performance to the audience. I used research from the internet as did other member of the group. Mainly used for the work on our characterisations. We have used props and we have rehearsed our stage direrctions to matinee idol so that it symblises real family life yet letting the audience see all of the characters and their emotions clearly. Also we used monlogues and hot seating where people would ask us questions and we would answer in character, this helped us and the fellow memebers of the group understand each character with a better undertsanding.In conclusion comapring my groups peformance of Heroin Lies and the book Junk I feel that they share many similarities and few and far between differeces. The main themes and characters were alike in both productions, even the storylines had its similairites I have learnt a lot from this whole experience, I learnt not that about heroin and the usage and affect it can have on families, but I learnt how to dress that into a performance. Its been a great experience overall, and I have enjoyed working on this project a lot Also out of it I have read two very interesting different pieces of work, that have left an everlasting impression on me.

President Andrew Jackson Essay

Andrew Jackson, our seventh President of the United States, is in rather an ok President. Considered as the Peoples President he was very straight forward and honest to his people. He takes his job sternly and possibly the most liberal president in history. His presidency however was neither bad nor good, precisely shared a fair amount of each.First finish off, the good qualities he had was the f bet he had transparent commitment to enforce laws and fight back against secession threats from South. Two high tariffs were passed during 1828 and 1833 which increased taxes on merchandise foreign goods. The south was outraged by the high taxation so under the Nullification act that allows states to nullify laws they dont like. Soon after the second tariff was issued, they formed a congregation to build up an army with the idea of secession. Jackson was so enraged that he was willing to go for all the power he has to stop it. Fortunately he was able to make a get laid with the Vice President John C. Calhoun, who was in favor of the south, to lower the tax prices. The south backed off from secession and things settled down.Secondly, the bad if not malicious duties Jackson did during his presidency was the force remotion of autochthonic Americans from Georgia to the west and the ending the study Bank system. The state of Georgia was against the Supreme Court who was against the removal of the Natives. Even though the Supreme Court won, Georgia as well as Jackson do by it and forced the Natives out of Georgia to the present state of Oklahoma. Many died before they even got there. As to the National Bank issue, Jackson believed that it was a monopoly towards the upper class people and as a result food waste to recharter it. Jackson used one of his vetoes, and the Banks congressional supporters did not have enough votes to override him. The Bank ceased to exist when its charter expired in 1836, but even before that Jackson had faded it considerably by withdra wing millions of dollars of federal funds. This later resulted in contributing to the Panic of 1837.

Vincent Tinto And Student Retention

Vincent Tinto is currently a Distinguished University prof at the Syracuse University a localization he has held since June 1998. Prior to that, he was a Professor of Education from June 1985 to June 1998 and an Associate Professor of Education since September 1975 to June 1985 at the same university. In the period September 1971 to June 1975 he was an Assistant Professor of Education in The capital of S awayh Carolina University refreshed York. He is also currently the chair of the Higher Education Program a position he has held since 1999. His academic indorseground is also genuinely impressive.He did his undergraduate studies in Fordham, The Jesuit University of New York in 1963 where he graduated with a bachelor of science in Physics and Philosophy. He went on to Rensselear Polytechnic Institute to pursue his masters degree in Physics and Mathematics in 1965. He holds a Ph. D. in Education and Sociology which he got from the University of Chicago in 1971. It is noted that while he was prosecute his doctorate he dropped out of work to join the Peace Corps and this may be i of the reasons why his researches major on educatee attrition and the ways to retain them in nurture.In this paper, the reciprocation will turn over around the arguments that he presents in the course of his numerous researches and in his body of works. The prof is of the view that to retain savants in check all that the schools wee to do is domiciliate timbre tuition. He tries to explain the reasons why students dropout of school especially after the first socio-economic class of college (Tinto V. 1975). He also tries to provide the solutions that may work in retaining the students in the school especially through the provision of better and quality education to the students.This is done with the assumption that students want to be in school provided other factors termination up pushing them away. Looking at the way he approaches the issue, one notices that he lays most of the infernal on the skill. In his opinion, students would rather be in school but the dexterity and education systems expose to meet the expectation of the students and hence their inability to continue existence in school. They obliterate up not trusting an education system that does not seem to meet the standards they expect an institution of juicyer erudition ought to possess.The reception they get at the school also catch outs a lot if they will make it to the end of their course or they will drop out midway. According to Professor Tinto, at that place ar 3 main factors that determine whether or not a student will complete their college education and these are academic preparation, commitment and involvement (Seidman A. & Tinto V. 2005). Although there are other factors, these are the ones identified as being most common among most of the sequels.It has become of paramount importance for the schools to be able to retain their students because the starti ng epoch rate has become one of the factors determining the rating of a college. In order for a school to upgrade its position or maintain the one it is currently holding if it is a good position, a way has to be found to retain the students who are at risk of withdrawing from school. Professor Tinto among others get been conducting researches to determine what makes student leave school while others faced with similar bothers persist. He conducts interviews using high-risk students who have ensueed in college as his subjects.He focuses mainly on those who are in the two and the four year courses and are under prepared and underrepresented in terms of college education. He tries to escort out from them which factors enabled them to persist when others failed. As stated before, commitment, preparation and involvement are the key factors determining whether one will remain in school or one will quit midway. In an article he wrote with Cathy Engstrom Access Without embolden is no t Opportunity (http//www. changemag. org), they give the prototype of Donald who dropped out of college after transferring to a different school.He is an example of students who drop out due to being disappointed by the college. He starts off college in a school where the teachers are concerned with the students welfare and the purlieu is challenging. However, due to familial problems Donald is forced to move to another(prenominal) college which he feels lacks in quality when compared to the previous school. Professor Tinto notes that, although in Donalds he later went back to school, not all dropouts go back to finish their education. It has been recorded that majority of high-risk students especially those who are low-income do not complete their college education.In the case of the four year degree courses, only just about(predicate) 26 per centum of low-income students finish in a period of six years when compared to the 56 percent of high-income students who achieve the sa me (http//www. changemag. org). The reason given for this is that they are academically under prepared especially because they do not have access to academic resources in a manner similar to that of the high-income students. This leads to feelings of inadequacy and weakness among the low-income students often resulting in their dropping out of school.They tend to view the time spent in school as a waste of their time which could be used to generate income by working. This decision is do because they cannot foresee ever getting the same grades as the high-income students since they are not on the same level. This office that their lack of preparation leads to their lack of commitment to the education that they are receiving. Lack of commitment then obviously leads to very high rates of dropping out of college. To circumstances with this problem, the faculty has to get involved since as professor Tinto sees it they are the main perpetrators of the problem.In Donalds case, althoug h he had not been well prepared for college, in his first school the teachers were concerned with his welfare and hence he was able to feel welcome in that school and able to concentrate on his studies. This corresponds to the image that student-faculty out of class contact is very authorized to a students academic growth (Tinto V. 1993). When a student feels free to approach a teacher out of class, even if he or she was not well prepared when enrolling in the college, there is a high possibility that the student will succeed.The reason given for this is that the student will be able to request for assistance and guidance from the teachers. This assistance may be academic or personal for example in choosing a career one may be able to get the best guidance from the teachers who turn in which are the students strong and weak points. A student may also be suffering from personal problems that affect his or her academic performance and by opening up to a teacher may be able to get the extra help required for excellence in the academic field.A teacher may also be able to assist a student with required material for the class or direct the student where to get the material if they do not have it or are unable to afford (Tinto V. 1975). From his research, Professor Tinto has found out that most of the students who succeed in college yet were in danger of dropping out attributed their achievement to contact with a faculty or staff member although this was rare (Tinto V. 1975). This contact with someone affiliated to the school helped the students get into the bicycle of college life and gave them someone to approach whenever they had problems in the school.They also got a point of reference when setting their goals of what they would equal to achieve since they now had real life models to emulate and learn from. The student-faculty out of class relationship is very important as it leads to various positive gains by the student thus ensuring their retention in sc hool. The student involved in this sort of interaction feels more satisfied with the faculty and the college as he or she feels welcome in the school. They develop both personally and intellectually while gaining the ability to think critically by being constantly in the presence of someone with experience in the field.The perception that the student has of the quality of the college improves consequently leading to their improved performance and in class while raising their educational aspirations. The overall result of all this is the persistence of the student to graduate since they have dreams to achieve (Tinto V. 1975). All the to a higher place is possible because the student has become committed to the education that he or she is receiving which is one of the key factors that the professor talks about.The student feels that there is a responsibility to attain the best grade possible because there are people helping him or her and it would be wrong to let them pop up. Furth ermore, they have their appetites for education and also betterment of their futures through the same whetted and they also feel proud of having done the best that they could. There is also a sense of not wanting to be the one who let the entire school down through bad performance and dropping out. The third key factor that the professor talks about is the importance of the involvement of the student in the school society/community.He has come up with the idea of Learning Communities which involves the participation of both the faculty and the students. These communities work in creating a sense of community in the school that helps the students feel that they belong in a society that welcomes them. These communities are not for students only but faculty members can also form their own communities that aid them in providing the best possible education to the students while making acquisition easier and more enjoyable for both parties (Tinto V. & Engstrom C. 2002).Learning Communiti es are described as teams that meet on a regular basis a number of times in a calendar week. These teams have an agenda to improve their work for the collective betterment of the school. The members also want to improve themselves passing(a) by engaging in talk overions within the group that aid in the attainment of the schools goals and also their item-by-item goals. This is done independent from the classroom experience which also takes place. However the classroom influences the teams because members of the same group have top have similar interests which are determined by what is done in class.In the case of students, those pursuing similar courses tend to be members of the same group because they can discuss the same things in the group and also have the same goals. The students will meet several times a week at a time convenient for all the group members other than class time. Their discussions will revolve around the class work and the problems each encounters when attempt ing the same. In case there is a major problem common to all the members they have the opportunity to get in touch with a teacher and discuss the problem and get the necessary assistance (Seidman A. & Tinto V. 2005).When it comes to the faculty members, they may decide to meet weekly or twice a month to discuss ways in which they can improve service rescue to aid the students in their education. They also offer their criticism concerning the students and try and work out which ways would be best to improve the students performance. They also share the common problems that they encounter when performing their duties and discuss the ways in which they can make their work easier and the best ways they can deal with the problems. It is important for both students and faculty members to be involved for the Learning Communities to work.The students have to be able to count on the teachers support when addressing their issues and fare that the teacher will respond to their queries. The t eachers have to be available for consultations with the students. The students must be able to find time outside class when they can meet and address their problems and discuss class work. This is when this theory meets a hurdle in its implementation because time is a rare factor in college. It is almost unrealizable to find the people all having some free time at the same time and if the students exert it the teachers may not be available at that particular time.In conclusion, one has to give Professor Tinto credit for the work that he has done in trying to come up with ways to deal with the problems that students encounter in their college life. He has dedicated a lot of his time to researching on how to make learning easier and pleasurable to students so as to avoid their dropping out of school. He focuses on the failure of the faculty to provide a good learning environment thus causing the students to feel that the education they are getting is not worthwhile. He shows the dif ferent ways that this can be remedied to ensure that students remain in school and get good education.From his interviews, he arrives at the conclusion that for a better learning environment to be attained the students and the faculty has to change their attitude towards learning by making the learning institutions more welcoming to students. This is done by improving the out of class faculty-student relationships which aids the students get attuned to college life. It can also be done by forming learning communities which help both the students and teachers improve the education in the school and consequently the overall grade of the school.However, as much as his arguments as very valid and his solutions comely there are problems that are encountered in executing them. The students and faculty members claim not to have the time to be involved in the learning communities and in the student-faculty out of class meetings. However if they were to be implemented, they would be able to work beautifully. It is however important to note that not all students will be maintained since some dropout of school for other reasons different from the ones discussed by the professor but the ones discussed can be greatly reduces if the measures were to be implemented.

An Examination of Two Sides of a Controversy

One that might make your hair rise, scream with only your might or run very fast is the sight of a human skull and skeleton during a full moon in an old abandoned house. This is the usual scene in a villainy movie. Indeed, people fear seeing human remain. But skeletal remains posterior in addition perk up appointment between museum owners, scientists and tribal themes.Authorities are usually torn between legal wrangling of these roots each(prenominal) one claiming the remains will power. Nations of the world are also locked in debates over cultural property rights and dexterous property rights. The dispute between two great nations over great artifacts also has some sound reflection on the economy of these two countries.Almost all schools and universities in the world maintain a museum basically for their activities in arts and sciences. In here, actual samples or replicas of the past are stored and lessons are becoming interesting if students rump readily see what they read in the books. The more interesting the contents of the museums, the more famous they become. This generates find of pride for the institution and sometimes become a blood line of revenues too.This is the reason why museums are act to acquire interesting objects and when they become break up of the museum, the real owner of the object finds it difficult to claim it. This becomes the source of conflict between museum administrator and Native Americans in the case of ancient artifacts. Archaeologists too are unmanageable bent on keeping them because they are prized possessions and scientists can discover various things from studying the object and tot up to the enhancement of science.One afternoon of a windy Sunday, more than ten years ago, duration seeing foil race, along the shores of the Columbia River, two students found human skull that was washed into the shore. An almost complete skeleton was also found in the place. Study conducted on the remains has yielded info rmation that the skull is already 9,400 years old. A conflict ensued immediately among scientists, Native Americans including local authorities (Ainsworth 2000).In Honolulu, Hawaii, artifacts were borrowed from a museum but apparently, the group who borrowed failed to return the remains and refused to break-dance the whereabouts of the Native Hawaiian artifacts. This led to the filing of contempt of court by the federal judge against quatern heads of a Hawaiian gang.The four are members of the group called Group Caring for the Ancestors of Hawaii. Members of the group claimed that the artifacts were removed from its authoritative place by an archaeologist and illegally offered for sale to the Museum. Group members assert that they just return the artifacts to where they right belong (New York Times 2005).An archaeology student recovered bones, beads and pieces of shells in Dry Lake Cave at the southern tip of Owens Valley in 1950. She wrote her findings in her record notebook. M ore than 50 years later, while her artifacts together with her records are lying inside a stockroom in Hershey Hall, three elders of the tribal group Timbisha Shoshone of Death Valley carefully inspect artifacts trying to see objects with cultural value, which they feel are truly theirs. The land of their ancestors includes the Dry Lake Cave (Lee 2002).Pauline Estevez, a tribal leader, who had an invitation to visit UCLA from the Fowler Museum of Cultural History, remarked, It is our obligation as Indian people to safeguard our land and its wealth, Some of the artifacts here are part of our treasures which we think should not be kept by the museum or its collector because the land is their rightful owner (Lee 2002).That is the reason why Estevez took the prospect to yield to the invitation of the Fowler Museum of Cultural History. As an elder of a tribal group, she feels that what belongs to her land should be returned because they are part of their culture. The artifacts can be t heir ancestors or the treasures they brought with them which witnessed the birth of their tribe. They take pride in those artifacts and should also be seen by the younger generations as part of their identity.The Kennewick man who was found in the shore of the Columbian river was supposed to be returned to the five American Indian Tribes who jointly filed a claim so that they can possess and repose the remains that they confide are theirs. The claim was under the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation recreate of 1990. The natives might have the same motive as those inhabitants of Death Valley. What belongs to them should be returned so that the remains of their ancestors can reunite with their land and the community where they once belong.The natives feel that their ancestors will be more peaceful deviation back to where they belong rather than to remain in the cold museum (Ainsworth 2000). That could be the same motive that prompts leadership of the Hawaiian group not to return the artifacts that were borrowed from the Hawaiian museum. They asserted that since those artifacts were taken illegally from their original sepulture place, they should be returned there so that the souls of their ancestor will really lie in peace.Meanwhile, a group of angry archaeologists who are interested in the Kennewick man want to study the remains. The finding of a 9,400 year old artifact naturally will interest them. They protested the move that will give the natives the right to the ownership of the Kennewick man. That started the legal battle between the archaeologists and the ConfederatedTribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation (Ainsworth 2000). While the natives are fighting for the return of the remains so that it can once again be a part of the original community and peacefully lie there, the scientists are hoping that they can contribute significantly to the world of science if they can study the remains. They believe that they can learn from the pas t as a way of improving the future.Thomas spoke in a crowded Kroeber Hall and states that the significant issue about the Kennewick remains are neither about worship nor science. According to him the issue is with regards to politics and not philosophy, about leadership and power. The question of who calls the shot when it comes to ancient American history.Is it the federal, the science community or the American Indian? Thomas is a vocal advocate of conjunctive partnership between the American Indians and the scientists. He maintained that in a case like the Kennewick man, its a long and bitter fight, which can reach the Supreme Court. He believes that this case can be settled away from the premises of the court (Ainsworth 2000).