Going Back to School Essay

Returning to school was something I alway intended to do in my life. I knew there would be some obstacles and hurdles i would have to overcome to make my dream come true. Here are some obstacles I had to overcome in my past with previous school experinces I have had to return back to school. When I was younger, I remember my mom waking my older brother up and sending him off to school. I would get so mad, because I wanted to go. Than finally my day came, I got up and off to school I went. Elementary school was the great. I loved playing with the other kids. Kindergarten through fifth grade made me feel like school was a game. Yeah, we learned our basic studies, but we had fun doing it. Than came time for moving on up to middle school. My first couple of weeks were okay, but the work started getting harder, the other kids weren’t very nice and we didn’t have much free time. I didn’t like it, but it was something I got used too and I stuck it out. Finally, my ninth year came, I was a freshman in high school. I hated it, I was always getting pushed around and made fun of because my family didn’t have much money. I didn’t have name brand shoes or clothes. Everybody kept telling me I needed an eduacation to get anywhere in this world. Well I tried, finally when I was seventeen, only six months before graduation, I got so fed up, I dropped out. Once I turned eighteen, I realized it was time to make a life of my own. My family shouldn’t have to support me. So I went out and found me a job. I was so proud of this job. I was doing good, or so I thought. After a few years of working for this company, I figured out I was already at the top of the ladder, I couldn’t go up anymore. I had to better my life. I needed a higher education. I got it in my head and went and got my GED. Than once again my learning process stopped right there. Out of the blue one day, my mom calls and tells me about these online college courses. She knew I didn’t I didn’t want to go sit in a classroom. This struck some interest in me. It took me a few days, but I called and got enrolled. When I started my first class, I was a bit nervous, it took sometime to get back into the swing of things. I’m still somewhat nervous but it gets better with each class. Going back to school was the hardest decision I have ever had to make. Well, it took the longest time anyway. I am so glad I decided to go back. Being back at school makes me feel so much better about myself. This is one thing I won’t quit again.

Animal Research as an Integral Part of Society

As Doctor Zola-Morgan stated in a speech to animal right activists, â€Å"I†ve seen the impact of the animal rights movement. I believe this is an attack on science of the worst kind. If we allow it to prevail it will take us back to the dark ages.† Too much of the public has come to think of medical researchers as â€Å"tormenters rather than healers.† The good is overlooked and the bad is exploited. Although many people think that animal research is morally wrong, animal research should continue because it is critical to continued progress in human health and alternatives to research animals are not available. Animal rights activists feel that animal research is immoral. They do not see where we as human beings see or feel that we are the dominant species. They often assert that research with animals causes severe pain and that many research animals are abused. The activists do not feel the need to put the animals through such pain. Many of the experiments are replicated also which causes an unneeded demand for animals to perform experiments. Experiments which have already been proven are still being experimented with. However, animal research is an integral part of today†s society when thinking of how much progress we have gained in human health with the use of animal experimentation. To date some forty-one Nobel prizes have been awarded to scientists whose achievements depended on laboratory animals. Vaccines against polio, diphtheria, mumps, measles, rubella, and smallpox would not have been possible without such experiments. There also would not be such important techniques such as open heart surgery, brain surgery, coronary bypass, microsurgery to re-attached limbs, organ transplants, and correction of congenital heart defects. The list goes on about the medical advances that required animal research. Insulin to control diabetes and medications important in the management of asthma, epilepsy, arthritis, ulcers, and hypertensions are a few more to add to the list. To take animal research away would also be to halt our society†s advancement of more procedures and more medicines to enhanc he better living of humans. In addition, there are no alternatives to animal experimentation that can give the same results that it can. In certain research investigations, cell, tissue, organ cultures, and computer models can be used at least in the preliminary phases of the investigation. However, in many experimental situations, culture techniques and computer models do not capture the â€Å"physiological complexity† of the whole animal. Some examples of where animals are necessary in research include the development of a vaccine against HIV and improvement of methods to relieve mental stress and anxiety. These challenges can only be addressed by research with animals. Computer models and cultures cannot get the whole body effect of an experiment. Humans are the only alternatives to animals for this and when faced with this alternative, most people prefer the use on animals as the research model. Animal research is necessary to maintain our society†s well being. Many people think it is morally wrong but when the advantages are considered with the disadvantages, the good outweighs the bad. Animal Research is necessary to continued progress in human health. If other methods were available they would be given a fair chance but for now only animal experimentation works best. If all of the advances in human health were taken away our society would still be in a primitive age. Animal research has taken us out of that age.

Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 5

Assignment - Essay Example Additionally, different from sex, which refer to biological dimension, gender is acquired through socialization. In fact, gender inequality consists in everywhere in the society. From birth, baby boys and baby girls are treated in different ways by their parents. According to MacDonald, parents always take care of their baby girls more carefully and gently. Besides, parents give different toys to different genders often unknowingly reinforcing gender stereotypes. For example, parents prefer to give computer games, vehicles and war toys to boys and dolls, dishes and jewelry boxes to girls. In addition, boys and girls are assigned different tasks when they are old enough to do some housework. Boys are usually asked to do maintenance chores, such as replacing bulbs and fixing roofs. Girls always end up doing domestic chores, such as cleaning rooms, cooking and shopping. Moreover, sociologists consider that the chores assigned to children can go on to effect children’s personal characteristics and future occupation choices. For instance, girls experienced in looking after their siblings may become nurses in future. Boys may learn computer science and in w ork IT areas and they may become engineers when they grow up. Some critics believe that the media should report the reality, while some others think the media can persuade the public into certain ideas. Among all kinds of TV programs, there are more male roles occurs than female ones. Indeed, the characters are significant different between male and female roles. According to Basow, male are always depicted typically aggressive, and heroic. Contrarily, female roles are various. In some video games, online games and electronic media women are objectified and are depicted in a poor light reinforcing negative stereotypes of women. Men are typically portrayed as â€Å"macho†, gun totting and as super heroes. These games encourage children to resort to violence as it desensitizes them against

Toxicology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Toxicology - Essay Example He/she may have to identify and analyze evidence that are collected at the crime scene and symptoms that have been recorded by the crime scene investigation team. These evidences help in narrowing the investigation that is being conducted. Forensic toxicologists tend to ignore the legal outcome of an investigation and they give emphasis to the technological equipments and methods used for analyzing and acquiring of outcomes (McDavid 92). Forensic toxicology is conducted on several samples that are acquired from different individuals at the crime scene and the main task of the toxicologist is to determine the quantity of chemicals in the samples, kind of chemicals present and the impact of these chemicals. Sampling Forensic Toxicology is conducted on bodily fluids including urine, blood and other samples obtained from body, it is even conducted on body parts especially hair. Urine samples are mostly used in the case of testing individuals representing the field of sports and employees . It is one of the most commonly used sample in the case of criminal investigation and it is easy to extract from a subject who is alive. For example: employees as well as athletes’ urine samples may be tested for consumption of marijuana and this substance tends to remain active in human body for fourteen days from the day it was consumed. Tests results from urine samples can take approximately 8 hours of time before showing positive and negative results. Forensic Toxicology is even conducted on obtained blood samples. To conduct proper inspection of blood sample, a minimum of 10 cm3 of blood content is required (Biswas 47). A forensic toxicologist obtains important information from the blood sample, he may obtain a profile of the substance that has been consumed at and before the sample was obtained and blood samples are mostly used in order to identify the level of blood alcohol level. Blood alcohol levels are mostly checked in order to identify the amount of alcohol in th e sample provider’s blood at the time of incidences such as driving. A forensic toxicologist may use hair samples in order to identify the level of dosage of drugs consumed and the time period at which the drug was consumed. Consumed drugs tend to travel from blood streams to hair that is growing and the drugs may end up being stored in hair follicle which helps in determining and creating a timeline at which the drug was taken. An individual hair growth has been recorded at one to one and a half cm each month and the stored drugs in the follicle area may help in determining the date and time the drug was ingested. Organs of subjects as well as other bodily fluids are even used by forensic toxicologists especially while conducting autopsy. While conducting an autopsy, forensic toxicologists may use the contents of the gastric region and gastric fluids are mostly obtained from subjects that are no longer alive. This content can help in identifying liquid content or drug substa nces that may have been consumed by the deceased subject before dying. Ethical Issues in Forensic Toxicology Forensic toxicologists may face various ethical dilemmas; they may obtain different results from different set of samples. In the case of hair testing, hair testing cannot be recognized as a standard for detecting and analyzing drug content as a standard for the entire population as different set of hair can provide different results. The

How to do good in school Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

How to do good in school - Essay Example First and foremost, a student needs discipline. This may seem difficult but what is really needed is for a person to decide to take all possible actions to plan and stick to his plans of action. It is then important to list activities and arrange them according to how they impact school performances. Allotting desired period of time is another important matter to consider in scheduling activities and sticking to the schedule regardless if the task is completed or not. This allows the student to adjust his pace in performing an activity rather than sacrificing other important tasks, allowing him to complete all that has been set for a day’s work. This could sometimes be discouraging during the first days however, once one has gotten into the habit of working in a timed manner, the body adjusts to the demands of discipline. Lectures are very helpful in improving a person’s school performances so it is also important to listen well and take notes. When a student takes notes while lectures are going on, he is strengthening his understanding of the topic and his retention of the information being discussed. In addition, during reviews, a person can always verify discussions with other resources based from what has been noted during lectures. Therefore, one has to learn how to take notes, study shorthand writing or make personal codes for an understandable outline, which will then be re-written if needed. Before every lecture, it is also most helpful for students to read in advance to have some idea what is to be discussed in class. This will enable an individual to grasp more details as compared to having no foreknowledge of the topic. Taking notes about important information that could possibly be discussed in class is also helpful, making note-taking during lectures easier and more complete. In taking personal notes during advance readings, a student should make an outline with special marks like asterisks, boxes,

Small and Medium Sized Enterprises Dissertation

Small and Medium Sized Enterprises - Dissertation Example 5.0 Analysis 63 5.1 Organisation Effectiveness 64 5.2 Entrepreneurial Orientation 65 5.3 Market Orientation 68 5.4 Sales Force Performance 70 5.5 Sales Organization Effectiveness 74 6.0 - Conclusion 80 Bibliography 84 TABLES AND FIGURES TABLE Table 1 - Features of Qualitative and Quantitative Methods 15 FIGURES Figure 1 - Hypothesized Model of Venture Capital FirmPerformance with Regard to Selected EntrepreneurialOrientation Dimensions 33 Figure 2 - Market Orientation Matrix 37 Figure 3 - Top Business Objectives Stemming from Sales 41 Figure 4 - Sales Representative Time Allocation 44 Figure 5 - Average Sell Cycle Length... According to the paper findings in order to better understand the rationale of the preceding statement, the definition of organization is integral. The basic definition describes an organization as â€Å"†¦a group of people intentionally organized to accomplish an overall, common goal or set of goals†. As the discussion declares the preceding offers a mental as well as visual conception that is expounded upon by another definition that states that an organization is a â€Å"non-random arrangement of components or parts interconnected in a manner as to constitute a system identifiable as unit†. The second definition offered by the BusinessDictionary provides an even clearer picture of the workings of organizations in that it states that they are a â€Å"Sequential or spatial (or both) from in which a body of knowledge, data, people, things, or other elements is purposefully arranged†. The organizational unit represents a grouping of people that are brought together to achieve goals, through combined efforts. The foregoing have been brought forth to indicate the complex as well as synergistic relationships that exist in organizations of all sizes, which is even more important in SMEs, due to their size and thus lack of resources to absorb mistakes and problem issues in the highly competitive business arena. Entrepreneurial orientation, market orientation, and sales force performance represent the areas that shall be explored in this study, which shall also seek to address the nature of these relationships, and their impacts in SMEs.

Corporate Governance Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Corporate Governance - Lab Report Example Capital flow seems directed towards the companies, which practice fair and transparent ways of governing their organisations. With the changing global business scenario the need of understanding and effective practise of fair and technologically advance corporate governance has also increased. ICAEW (2002) has explained corporate governance in a very effective and comprehensive manner as " Corporate governance is commonly referred to as a system by which organisations are directed and controlled. It is the process by which company objectives are established, achieved and monitored. Corporate governance is concerned with the relationships and responsibilities between the board, management, shareholders and other relevant stakeholders within a legal and regulatory framework." The discussion about corporate governance in Enron is based on the hypothesis that it was not the failure of governance mechanisms, which lead, to the collapse of Enron but the perversion of the governance model, which caused the disaster. Essentially, the basic issue was not fraud detection by the auditors but the alleged act of in concealment which done the damage. Nevertheless, there is still no conclusive empirical evidence in the literature about whether and how governance mechanisms influence the performance and the value of the firms; and, about how governance mechanisms interact (in a complementary or substitute way) (Bohern and Odegaard, 2003). Discussion: There has historically been a considerable difference between U.S. and U.K. owned corporations in their management and organisation. U.S. corporations have typically been more centralised, more professionally managed and [have had] more formalised bureaucracy. They have generally been seen as more aggressive and results-oriented. U.K. corporations placed more emphasis on relationships rather than formal controls, and appeared "amateurish" compared to their U.S. counterparts. Recent years have seen a considerable convergence of U.K. management styles with those of the U.S. Many of the largest British multinationals, such as GlaxoSmithKline and BP, have merged with or acquired large U.S. firms, and almost all leading U.K. companies derive substantial proportions of their revenues from the U.S. The differences in management style and culture have become far more nuance. Large British multinationals probably remain more international and cosmopolitan in their outlooks than their U.S. counterparts, slower to act and less inclined to adopt the latest management fads, and less ruthless in dealing with failure and under-performance. However, there is vast industry and firm differences. Both UK and US GAAP require purchase consideration relating to a business combination to be allocated to the net assets acquired at their fair value on the date of acquisition. Intangible assets: Under UK GAAP fair values are assigned to identifiable intangible assets only if the identifiable intangibles are capable of being disposed of or settled separately, without disposing of a business of the entity. Under US GAAP, identifiable assets

Project Motorcycles The Comprehensive Project Plan Assignment

Project Motorcycles The Comprehensive Project Plan - Assignment Example The different engine sizes will also mean different velocity for the audience who will make a purchase according their preferences in speed and use of the motorcycle. Various steps will be put in place to ensure that the motorcycles produced for the company are certified by the concerned government agencies to be safe for public use. The company will be forced to conduct a market research for the product, they will also develop and implement an effective project management strategy and lastly they will look for skilled labor to help in the construction process of the motor cycle. The main aim of the construction and manufacturing of the motorcycles will be to provide consumers with efficient and reliable motorcycles which can serve their different needs both privately and commercially. However, the new kinds of motorcycle that will be produced by the company will not be accepted readily by the audiences, but they will attracted to the unique features that the machine will posses and with time, they the profits proceeds will increase as consumers will be preferring the new kind over the older one. Analyze The Type Of Staff That Your Company Would Need In Order To Make The Manufacturing Switch To Motorcycles With Larger Motors The motorcycles company will need a highly effective staff to enable them make the manufacture switch to motorcycles with larger motors. The staff to be employed buy the company should have the ability to deal with different risk within the company and in the manufacturing process. The staff is expected to deal with risk and uncertainty to allow them makes decisions which may lead to the achievements of set goals. The staff will also be expected to be result oriented. This will involve them demonstrating common sense in situations where they are allowed to make decisions that are capable of solving problems and cutting down the level of risk that would have resulted in the manufacturing process. The staff is also expected to be energetic to deliver their best to the company. Energetic staff is associated with meeting the organizations’ goals and success. The staff to be employed by the company are also expected to have a high growth potential to allow them occupy the various m anagement opportunities that may prevail themselves within the company. Last but not least, the staff is expected to be good team players within the company. This will motivate them to deliver in unison towards the greater good of the company. Lastly, the staff is expected to be multitasking. They should be able to accept new duties assigned to them, therefore, leading to efficiency in the different departments within the organization. Prepare Four (4) Team-Building Strategies For Handling The Newly Formed Team. Discuss The Manner In Which The Strategies That You Have Prepared May Positively Or Negatively Affect Productivity Within The Company The company will come up with the following team-building strategies for their newly formed staff employed by

The new york times, the best laws money can buy july 12, 2010 Essay

The new york times, the best laws money can buy july 12, 2010 - Essay Example Lobbyists have been around for decades. There is really not much that the common people know about them, except that they lobby. But what does that really mean and why do they have to flock over in the halls of the very foundations of the nation’s sovereignty, the Senate and the House of Representatives. The most common question deduced is what do they actually do and how do they affect us. It seems at first glance that there are really so little of what they do that directly affects the people or the government. They guise in the fact that their main job is to point out to legislators one or two small details in pending legislations for them to take a second look and reconsider the proposal. The congressman or senator then acts as a mercenary for these interests. Now the succeeding question is what is so important with these minute details that people, groups or corporations have to hire lobbyists to do their bidding. A 1986 article written in Time magazine appropriately titl ed â€Å"Peddling Influence† was an in-depth depiction of the growth of lobbying as a profession. From being a very reticent profession, as specifically pointed out even congressmen back then do not want to be seen talking with a lobbyist, it has blossomed into a very public and media frenzied occupation. As pointed out, â€Å"One man’s loophole is another man’s socially useful allowance, and one man’s lobbyist is another man’s righteous advocate. Nonetheless, the voices most likely to be heard are often the ones that can afford the best-connected access brokers† (par. 4). Steven Brill has painted a clearer picture in how lobbying has affected our nation. As an explicit example he has cited Private Equity Council, a trade group that wants to augment taxes on carried interest. It keeps on its payroll Capitol Tax with a $30, 000 retainer each month ensuring the taxes on its members are kept low. This type of payment is not limited to only Capi tol Tax as there are other firms they employ. It has been reported that they have spent $4.2 million from 2009. Keeping in mind that there are other groups lobbying for the same cause, all in all, according to Brill, this amounts to about $15 million. This already seems like a lot of money but this is small change as it equates to an investment for about $100 billion in taxes in the next 10 years. This will actually save them around $10 billion in taxes. Furthermore, their lobbyists have afforded them the added bonus that it becomes effective this year instead of 2010. Saving them another $2 billion (Brill, par.4-5). In comparison, the $15 million does not sound that much. It is but a mere insignificant percentage compared to what they will be able to save. But what does this really mean to us because so what if they are able to save as much. It is uncomforting to think that this â€Å"payoff is all the more remarkable when you realize that this tax break is going to some of the we althiest Americans and that all the reformers wanted originally was for those folks to pay the same graduated income-tax rate that normal wage earners do† (Brill, par.6). It is but the virtue of equity that this tax policy should have been implemented. As the saying so aptly puts it, ‘absolute power corrupts, absolutely.’ There seems to be no satiation to the hunger that what the rich wants is to be richer while others are

Global Organizations and Nation States Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Global Organizations and Nation States - Essay Example This essay explores the main part of the neoliberal economic ideology, which forces these countries to follow free-market policies, reduce government intervention, privatization and decreasing the size of the public sector, liberalization, reducing trade barriers, elimination of subsidies, reduced protection of the domestic industries, currency devaluation, and others. Despite the fact that these policies have appeared to be working for many developed countries, evidence shows that it has been disastrous for the poor and third world countries, which actually seek a loan from IMF and World Bank. Critics of these international organizations believe that these organizations are actually Washington controlled and headed by the developed countries of the world. Important here to note is that the United States and other European countries ran out of their resources decades ago. Furthermore, their domestic markets are past the point of saturation and low population growth rates mean that th eir dream for aggressive growth cannot be fulfilled. The only possible way in which they could sustain or even continue their growth is by trying to exploit the resources of the third world countries, which are rich in natural resources but do not have the tools and the expertise to make use of them. International organizations such as International Monetary Fund, World Bank, and World Trade Organization was the clear answer. These organizations, headed and controlled by a few developed countries, allow them to force the third world and underdeveloped countries of the world to open their markets, deprotect their industries, and reduce the government intervention. Important here to note is that in case of a majority of the African and South Asian countries, these policies have never worked.

Taking the Lid Off the Victorian Era Essay Example for Free

Taking the Lid Off the Victorian Era Essay The Victorian Era has been a time of power and wealth. A journey of evolution took place in this period. People of this generation have a tremendously exciting age that at some point it was called the Second English Renaissance (Moore, 2007). After extensive research on this, I was duty-bound to take a stand on the status of the women of this period. Women have a role in this society. They are as what one writer had said called saints but saints with no legal rights. The Victorian Era viewed women as immaculate- pure and they put women on a pedestal. During this period, they envisioned women as so called Ideal Women. Thus, staying pure and clean from all immoral acts. Bearing offspring is a huge responsibility and tending to her household once she is married are her main preoccupations (DeBay, 2007). However, I sense that there is a great deal of deprivation and injustice that took place on the Victorian Era. Since the women status are defined as that of Ideal Women. And with the way that they have envisioned the Victorian Women, I can truly say that there is a great influence in how women are being treated in this contemporary period of ours. One key issue is the Victorian marriage. Women in this period have made a stature of marrying at a very young age for the reason that their parents want them to get married. The women in that age were born and raised just to get married and bear children. As they get married , women begin to lose their identity. Their husbands treat them as their own possession. Women married because of stature. They do not want to risk being shunned by their families if she marries someone who does not have the same stature or does not hold the same or higher standard of living (DeBay, 2007). And when a woman does break her engagement to her betrothed then she will be outcast by the society and never shall she marry again. It is the ultimate manner of losing your social status. To put it straightforwardly, women on this era are projected to be perfect women. They need to be very womanly and neither can they demand on the things that hurt them. They need to just endure the pain and sufferings becoming a wife. They are expected to be the housewife. They aren’t taught to complain but rather, are taught to follow all demands of the their husbands. Divorce is forbidden. If she divorces her husband then there would not be alimony and the custody of their children will be with the husbands. They are not given equal rights on child rearing once they divorce or separate to their husbands (Moore, 2007). Sex and women have a different process as well. Men are considered to be polygamous in the Victorian period. However, a woman caught doing so will be put to trial and is considered unclean. Thus losing her status in society. A man can go and satisfy his needs to another woman. Men did not have any restrictions, which makes it worse for the wives, because they just need to accept their husbands’ behavior. In effect, her reputation is at stake in society. In fundamental nature, this behavior of women has been carried on to this day. Moreover, there is a great deal of emotional and physical abuse of women in terms of sexual experience to women. Their husbands feel that this is just the sole obligation of their wives – that is, to provide them the sexual pleasure that they want. In these terms, no rights were given to women (Battan, 1999). One other issue is that women were not given the chance for to educate themselves. They were ridiculed and dismissed once they get into the fields which, on that particular era were considered to be a unnecessary for women to take. That only men are the authorized to take. Women were not encouraged to attend a university. For the very reason that women are supposed to be an ornament of the society. Arts and Literature, however, were the subjects that women should learn and were of great importance in the education of women (Miller, 2007). Women had limited rights. Their incomes do not belong to them but to their husbands. They surrender every penny they earn to their spouses. They cannot go and have some contracts with them without the knowledge of their husbands. Further, their husbands need to approve of the contracts as well (Battan, 1999). Finally, I can truly say that the Victorian Women has slowly emerged their limitations and awareness on the aspects that were discussed and analyzed. These key issues until now have been controversial with the new generation. Limiting myself to this study, there is a similarity on the Victorian and the generation of today. While we are trying to break on the women of the Victorian Era, we are still on the process of trying to be free with the laws, rights and procedure that had happened on this controversial and tremendous period (Battan, 1999; Miller, 2007). In conclusion, many women’s groups emerged throughout the decades to diversify and fight for the role of women in the society. Giving women more freedom and rights as an individual and not just as a partner of a spouse. The Victorian Era as much as grandiose it is; women suffered more in this period. And it is with great anticipation, hope and fulfillment that this era has slowly progressed .While there are still causes for despair, there have been milestones in the struggle for gender equality. References Battan, J. (1999). The ‘rights’ of husbands and the ‘duties’ of wives: power and desire in the american bedroom, 1850-1910. Journal of Family History, 24, 165-86. DeBay, R. (2007). Hygiene et Physiologie du Marriage. Retreived on June 14, 2007 from http://caxton. stockton. edu/browning/stories/storyReader$3 Miller, I. (2007). Victorian past. Retrieved on June 14, 2007 from http://www. victoriaspast. com/frontporch/victorianera. htm Moore, M. (2003). Women in the Victorian Age. London: Mcmillan.

Environmental regulation of oil and gas Essay Example for Free

Environmental regulation of oil and gas Essay Demand and supply Introduction            The global oil and gas industry face an External Environment that is more dynamic, more challenging, and more diverse; less understood and has greater information symmetry. These Environmental factors include: Political, Economic, Technological, Legal, Environmental and social factors.            Political Environment: This involves the risk that political decisions and events that occur worldwide can affect the profitability and sustainability of the investment in the global oil and gas industry. Political decisions are very diverse thus they influence the oil and gas industry. For example, if there is political unrest in the major Oil Producing and Exporting Countries (OPEC) there could be no smooth operations of the oil and gas industry, thus oil and gas companies tend to prefer countries with stable political systems and a history that can guarantee long-term Leases.            Economic Environment: The economic development directly influences; the policymakers, citizens managers and institutions. The Gross national income (GNI) generated by both the domestic and international production activities of national companies and the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of countries do generally shape the global industry of oil and gas. The economical factors include; Inflation rate, Prevailing interest rates, unemployment level and the level of disposable income and income distribution.            Technological environment: These relate to the applications of new innovations such as Websites Internet as a business tool. Thus the oil and gas organizations need to be aware of the latest relevant technologies for them to succeed and surf the wave of change. Dubai as significant producer of oil and gas            Dubai is a major player in the world market and its role in international trade cannot be overemphasized since it contributes almost 10 percent in this trade. This country has repeatedly dominated the international market arena due to the following reasons, one it occupies a very strategic position in the middle of U.A.E coast and additionally it has one of the most efficient harbors in the world hence playing a crucial role in the transportation of goods between East and West markets. Also Dubai in the recent years has pursued to strengthen its strategic location by pursuing a free and balanced economic policy therefore gaining an international reputation which has not only seen the increase of Foreign direct investments (FDI) and also growth of service, commercial and industrial fields. Dubai is also endowed with natural resources like oil, gas just to name a few and also it has one of the best infrastructure in the world and therefore this resource and proper sy stems has seen the economy of Dubai take off in a way never witnessed before. The aim of this paper is to explore Dubai as a primary producer of oil and gas and its place in the international trade of oil and gas arena. References ASWATHAPPA, K. (2010). International business. New Delhi, Tata McGraw Hill Education. GAO, Z. (1998). Environmental regulation of oil and gas. London [u.a.], Kluwer Law Internat.LAX, H. L. (1983). Political risk in the international oil and gas industry. Boston, International Human Resources Development Corp MACDONALD, D. (2007). Business and environmental politics in Canada. Peterborough, Ont. [u.a.], Broadview Press. NEELANKAVIL, J. P., RAI, A. (2009). Basics of international business. Armonk, N.Y., M.E. Sharpe Source document

Expatriation

Expatriation Introduction: Expatriation is a very significant characteristic of International Human Resource Management (IHRM), which is a result of the developments made in global business environment. For instance, such as Asia Pacific Region came up as world economic centre becoming the rivals of existing centres of Europe and North America. Moreover, the extended role World Trade Organization in dispute settlement and facilitating international trade flows and emergence of international economic forums such as North American Free Trade Association, European Union, Asia Pacific Economic Conference, European Union and expansion of the membership and status of A.S.E.A.N., have significantly changed the platform on which the international business used to operate. It was concurred through the basis earlier studies, that expatriates were home country employees. And these expatriates were assigned to the foreign or overseas location of the organization for relatively long periods of time. If we try to understand the trends in context to industrialization, it can be figured out that during initial stages of internationalisation, major industry restructuring was driven by advancements in communication and information technologies, whereas, the new global context is witnessing alteration in the structure of international operations with the availability of labour markets and staff requirements. Remuneration policies form a very integral part in the implementation of business strategies and change initiatives for an organization. For the employees its a substance of motivation and mobilization to achieve the valued corporate goals. Most of the companies today are committed in providing competitive salaries and benefits. Culpepper and Associates carried out the compensation and benefits survey in 2008, which showed that base salaries are growing in Asia Pacific at much faster rate as compared to other regions of the world, followed by Latin America and Europe. Changes in remuneration practices are inevitable worldwide with surge of globalisation and the increasing demand of skilled labour. More companies nowadays are following a trend of reinforcing pay and performance relationship through variable pay plans (Hewitt Associates, 2007). Especially, expatriate workers are appreciated and rewarded for their performance through variable pay plan, a share program and other benefits , not just through base pay. Multi-national companies that maintain effective remuneration policies tend to have sustainable competitive advantage as they effectively lock their key employees into their careers and keep minimal employment cost. Thus, these remuneration practices for expatriates and every other employee will continue evolve and expand as it plays a very important role in these multi-national organizations. As per the International Human Resource Management theory underpinning, the relationship between expatriation and seemingly inequitable salaries on the basis of hardship experienced give rise to many arguments. Remuneration systems for expatriates range from simple systems based on base country net salaries plus various allowances to ones of eye-watering complexity operated by large multinationals for hundreds of nationalities with thousands of permutations. (http://www.exfin.com/) To understand the remuneration policies for expatriates and its effectiveness in the multi-national organization, the researcher has developed a case-study on Satyam InfoTech, an Indian based I.T. company. Satyam has a big infrastructure which has around 100,000 people working under it in India and abroad, with expatriation as a common practice in the organization. Aims Objectives: Research Question: What is expatriate remuneration in a multi-national organization and how effective is this practice to Satyam InfoTech? The key aim of the study was to establish if the expatriate remuneration policies in this sample multi-national company are effective and are aligned with global practices. The main objective of this research is to understand the current trend in remuneration practices for the expatriates in multi-national organization. Also, the objective is to understand its effectiveness in the context to the Human Resource perspective and the Organizations perspective. Hypothesis: H1: Expatriate Remuneration has positive effectiveness in Satyam InfoTech. H2: Expatriate Remuneration has negative effectiveness in Satyam InfoTech. H0: Null hypothesis. Literature Review: International assignments are important investments for MNCs. Besides the direct costs of employee salaries, taxes, housing, shipment of household goods, education assistance for dependants, spouse support, cross-cultural training, goods and services allowances, repatriation logistics and reassignment costs, the administrative costs of running an international assignment program should not be neglected. These include home based HR support (assignment planning, selection and compensation management), assignment location or host based HR support, post assignment placement costs as well as post assignment career tracking costs. Furthermore, adjustments costs of expatriates have to be taken into account. While many of these figures are highly quantifiable, it is even more difficult to assess the return on investment of international assignments. In a study conducted by Cranfield School of Management and PrincewaterhouseCoopers (Dickmann et al. 2006: 18-19) it was reported that the averag e costs per annum for expatriate are amounted to US$311,000. This includes the direct compensation costs and the costs to the organizations of managing their international assignments program. At US$22,378 the latter accounted for 7% of the total assignment costs. While more and more firms are interested in measuring a return on investment in international assignment, to date only 14% are addressing this complex task mainly looking at the definition and respective fulfilment of assignment objectives. Having summarised the expatriate remuneration practice, now some theoretical perspectives related to the various levels have to be looked upon. In this a scene can be set for addressing a question of how expatriate remuneration outcomes may be influenced by a series of independent variables, in dynamic interaction with the environmental context in which international employee mobilization occur. Human Resource Perspective: Two aspects in particular may influence the H.R. perspective on expatriate reward determination. First, the ideas of ‘best practice and related commentary on policies and practices that MNCs should adopt a ‘functional lens focusing the H.R. view point. Secondly, the role and interests of the H.R. function likely to affect H.R. specialists interpretations of alternative approaches to expatriate remuneration determination, a ‘political orientation. Administering the remuneration of expatriates employees has been an important concern for H.R. specialists, accounting for over 50% of their time (Perkins and Hendry 2001). Changes in the nature and duration of international employee mobility, not necessarily of HRs making but which need an H.R. response, condition the context for H.R. strategies to address the attendant compensation policy and practice implications.

sleepy dog :: essays research papers

â€Å"Sleepy Dog†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   I remember many important reading experiences in my life. I was interested in reading at a very young age. While most young children despised reading, and preferred coloring pictures or hot wheels, I was fascinated with reading from the start. I used to observe my parents at the kitchen table while they read the newspaper. I was always interested in what was going on. I would always walk over to them and I would ask them what all the different articles said. The only things I could identify were the pictures. I can remember many experiences when I think about it. There is one experience that sticks out in my mind.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I was about 5 years old. My mom ordered the book from the school, one of the book order deals that was sent home. My parents used to let me order books I thought I would be able to read. The name of the book was Sleepy Dog, by Harriet Ziefert and Norman Gorbaty. My mother read the description of the book to me, and I loved the picture of the dog on the cover. I couldn’t wait for the book to come in. This process was always a great surprise too. When I finally got the book, I never remembered ordering it, so it was a great surprise to just receive a book when I went to school.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Sleepy Dog was a book for beginners. I was still working toward reading, being I was only 5 or 6 years old. The book was great. I needed help the first few times I read it because there are always new words to learn. Of course I probably didn’t learn to read it, I probably just memorized the lines and pretended I could read it. Sleepy Dog was a great bedtime story and it is still very popular today. The cover of the book also grabs your attention when you‘re at that age. How can you go wrong with a big sleepy dog, a cat, and some stars? When you’re that young, pictures definitely matter, much more than the words. The pictures were big and animated. There was only a sentence or two per page. The book was easy to read and not too long, which made it perfect. The book was about a dog and cat that went to sleep and shared playful dreams until they woke up in the morning.

Essay --

Now that we have demonstrated the Gothic influence on the Brontes’ writings , now that we have identified the interest the Brontes had in the Gothic, it seems logical to assume then that the vampire motif has been exploited not only in Emily and Charlotte Brontes’ works, it is also exploited by Anne Bronte throughout her second work The Tenant of Wildfell Hall. The creation of traditional supernatural vampires has no rhyme or reason. It has been like the galloping horse with no horse rider to control the race. Nineteenth century vampires of Gothic literature, by contrast, are literary tools serving some particular purpose. Carol A. Senf in her book The Vampire in Nineteenth Century English Literature stresses the fact that nineteenth century writers make use of the vampire as a social metaphor in realistic fiction. She writes thus:†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Polidori†¦does provide however the merest suggestion of the ways that writers, such as the Brontes and George Eliot, will use the vampire as a social metaphor when he gives the reader brief glimpses of a corrupt society where the wealthy, plagued by ennui, seek to alleviate their boredom by flirting with vice† (Senf: 39). Thus in the case of the vampire motif in a nineteenth century Gothic novel entitled The Tenant of Wildfell Hall, Anne uses Gothic metaphors rather than photographic descriptions to reveal the social horrors of her time. It appears now that Anne Bronte uses much the same narrative strategy as her sisters Charlotte Bronte and Emily Bronte. Like Charlotte and Emily, Anne Bronte diminishes the vampire’s mythic power and focuses on the sorts of cruelties her human characters display to destroy the lives of others. For instance, through the vampire motif Anne diverts her readers’ atten... ...uding the â€Å"New Woman† of the 1890s. That’s why the blood-sucking aspect of vampires is gradually being diluted by nineteenth century writers. It seems clear therefore, that Anne Bronte, through her outstanding work of art, joins Oscar Wilde’s view that any narrative strategy should be employed solely for unveiling the poor conditions of the time and not for gratifying a bourgeois taste of some kind. In his 1891 essay "The Soul of Man Under Socialism", Oscar Wilde stresses the fact that any artistic piece of work must be a product of the artist’s creative process. A work of art must have one supreme goal; representing what others need and not what others desire to see. This is exactly what constitutes a given artistic greatness, according to Wilde. Indeed, Only when the artist ceases to suit others’ desires, that he comes to be regarded a true artist.(witcombe.sbc.)

The Role of Sacred Space in Judeo-Christian Religions Essay -- Religio

The Role of Sacred Space in Judeo-Christian Religions Certain physical locations take on important meanings in the world’s religions. Religions consider various geographic elements such as different cities, regions, mountains, and rivers to be sacred. For example, Hindus travel to the Ganges River to cleanse themselves from their sins (Momen 157). One of the requirements of all Muslims is that they make a pilgrimage to the holy city of Mecca (Eastman 398). Judeo-Christian religions also have certain places that are held sacred to their followers. The concept of sacred space is important to Judeo-Christian religions, because it helps to explain the questions of existence. Sacred space provides something tangible to represent religions while reducing the obstacles that prevent religious people from having religious experiences. Judeo-Christian religions have extensive histories in which the concept of sacred space has been instrumental to their developments. Today, sacred space remains important in separating these religion s from the rest of the world. As seen in historical stories and reflected through the symbolism of religious architecture as well as in nature, sacred space is an important aspect of Judeo-Christian religions. One reason that believers of Judeo-Christian religions find certain locations to be important is that God has declared that certain places should be considered sacred. In the Book of Exodus, the Lord speaks to Moses on the mountain of Horeb, saying â€Å"Remove the sandals from your feet, for the place where you stand is holy ground† (Exo. 3.5 NAB). In the Book of Genesis, God sends Abraham to the land of Moriah. â€Å"When they came to the place of which God had told him, Abraham built an altar t... ...stance religions from each other by fostering a feeling of superiority among some religions and inferiority among others. Judeo-Christian religions rely on sacred space to do these things for believers. Works Cited Barbour, Ian G. Religion and Science: Historical and Contemporary Issues. San Francisco: HarperCollins, 1997. Eastman, Roger. The Ways of Religion: An Introduction to the Major Traditions. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999. Eliade, Mircea. The Sacred and the Profane: The Nature of Religion. San Diego: Harcourt, Inc., 1987. Holy Bible, New American Bible (Iowa Falls, Iowa, 1986) Johnson, Kevin Orlin. Why Do Catholics Do That?: A Guide to the Teachings and Practices of the Catholic Church. New York: Random House, Inc., 1994. Momen, Moojan. The Phenomenon of Religion. Oxford: Oneworld Publications, 1999.

The Silver Linings Playbook Chapter 9

If I Backslide Knowing that if I wear the wrong thing, Veronica will say I have ruined her night – the way she did that one time when I wore Bermuda shorts and sandals to a dress-up dinner – I can't stop thinking about what I am going to wear to her dinner party, so much that I don't even remember it's Friday, and therefore, time to see Dr. Patel, until Mom calls down in the middle of my workout, saying, â€Å"We're leaving in fifteen minutes. Hit the shower!† In the cloud room, I pick the brown chair. We recline, and Cliff says, â€Å"Your mother tells me you've had quite a week. Want to talk about it?† So I tell him about Veronica's dress-up party and how my old dress clothes don't fit because I have lost so much weight, and I have no swanky clothes other than the shirt my brother has recently given me, and I am pretty stressed out about going to a dinner party and wish I could just spend some time alone with Ronnie lifting weights, so that I would not have to see Veronica, who even Nikki says is a mean person. Dr. Patel nods a few times like he does, and then says, â€Å"Do you like the new shirt your brother gave you? Do you feel comfortable wearing it?† I tell him I absolutely love my new shirt. â€Å"So wear that one to the dress-up dinner, and I'm sure Veronica will like it too.† â€Å"Are you sure?† I ask. â€Å"Because Veronica is really particular about what you should wear to dinner parties.† â€Å"I'm sure,† he says, which makes me feel a whole lot better. â€Å"What about pants?† â€Å"What's wrong with the pants you have on now?† I look down at the tan khakis my mom purchased for me at the Gap the other day because she says I shouldn't wear sweatpants to my doctor's appointments, and even though the pants are not as swanky as my new Eagles jersey, they do look okay, so I shrug and stop worrying about what to wear to Veronica's dinner party. Cliff tries to get me to talk about Kenny G, but I only close my eyes, hum a single note, and silently count to ten every time he says Mr. G's name. Then Cliff says he knows that I have been rough with my mother, shaking her in the kitchen and knocking her down in the attic, which makes me really sad because I love my mom so much and she rescued me from the bad place and has even signed all those legal documents – and yet I cannot rightly deny what Cliff has said. My chest heats up with guilt until I can't take it. Truth be told, I break down and cry – sobbing – for at least five minutes. â€Å"Your mother is risking a lot, because she believes in you.† His words make me cry even harder. â€Å"You want to be a good person, don't you, Pat?† I nod. I cry. I do want to be a good person. I really do. â€Å"I'm going to up your meds,† Dr. Patel tells me. â€Å"You might feel a little sluggish, but it should help to curb your violent outbursts. You need to know it's your actions that will make you a good person, not desire. And if you have any more episodes, I might have to recommend that you go back to the neural health facility for more intensive treatments, which – â€Å" â€Å"No. Please. I'll be good,† I say quickly, knowing that Nikki is less likely to return if I backslide into the bad place. â€Å"Trust me.† â€Å"I do,† Dr. Patel replies with a smile.

Public and Private Sector Accounting Essay

score, hold outn by and large to be a skillight-emitting diode, remunerative, precisely rather dry profession, has a grand and fascinating history. In existence a lot from the dawn of civilization, in one grad or the otherwise, chore relationship employment has been integral to some of the virtu anyy important phases of history. trusty for the invention of writing, accountants imbibe over the ages, (beca habit of their natural and fundamental association with the processes of trade, business, sedulousness, brass, and evaluateation), been involved in monarchy and empire expansion, the process of colonisation, the industrial r ontogenesis, the orbit state of wars, scientific progress, globalisation, and the spread of neo patient of frugals crosswise the world.Confucius, as a giving medication official, was responsible for accountancy, and much of what we know closely the daily lives of ancient peoples comes from explanation records, much(prenominal) as invento ries and sales records, manoeuvre aground at archaeo lucid sites. Accounting evolution has followed dis same routes in contrasting countries and states and has been massively body-build by the immediate and big environment.Japans account processes, for mannequin, which were importantly shaped by western influences, atomic flesh 18 very dis similar from that of neighbouring China and have played an important role in the countrys far much(prenominal) than rapid advancement in business, industry and international trade in the nineteenth and 20th centuries.Accounting policies and procedures in the new(a) twenty-four hours have, in somewhat similar fashion, evolved rather contrastingly for one-on-one domain businesses and domain welkin corporations, be shaped and constructed by the un wish well necessitate of the two domains, the dissimilar nature of their income and depreciate streams, the unalike curtail processes under which they operate, and their diverse coverage requirements.Recent days have further witnessed signifi hobot rethinking in and rerouting of the functioning of reality enterprises the steadily increasing application of neo-liberal economic principles and great accountability for the commercial and pecuniary success of overt welkin corporations, leading to increasing crossway between the rule of be policies and answers of the public with that of the privy welkin. This essay attempts to check the reasons for the differences in their historical evolution, and the current world blanket(a) efforts to bring about greater lap between the two write up methods. introduce and Discussion Historical Overview of Evolution of Accounting Whilst the extent of involvement of account statement exertion in historical life crossways cultures is becoming cle atomic number 18r with the progress of archaeological work, the history profession has historic all(prenominal)y chosen to seize on a low profile, there orga nism very few pioneers who raft be identified with major chronicle developments. The near important historical name to arise, in this connection, is that of Luca Pacioli, who in 1494 wrote a book on mathematics, in which he discussed the concept of look-alike entry book keeping. The chapter on practical mathematics addressed mathematics in business. He said that the successful merc strainiser postulate three things sufficient property or credit, an news identify administration that can tell him how hes doing, and safe(p) bookkeeper to operate it. His account statement system consisted of journals and light-emitting diodegers. It rest on the invention of triple-entry bookkeeping. Debits were on the left(p) side beca white plague thats what debit meant, the left. The numbers on the right were named assign. If everything was done right, then the bookkeeper could do a trial balance (summa summarium).Add up all the debits and then add up all the credits, he said. If ever ything had been done right, the totals should match. If non, that would assign a erroneousness in your Ledger, which mistake you will have to look for diligently with the industry and intelligence God gave you. He wrote It is difficult to overestimate the importance of double entry bookkeeping. Simple and adequate for the chooses of business, it caught on immediately with Italian merchants, was important to their success, and contributed towards the impetus that guide to the emergence of the Renaissance.Whilst the conceptualization and carrying out of the double entry system of bookkeeping in the 15th ascorbic acid was the first major watershed in the development of modern day explanation theory, the following centuries were similarly witness to a number of major developments in atomic number 63 and Asia in the area of business record and chronicle, legion(predicate) of which contributed to the development of modern day accounting principles and policies.Notwithstandi ng Paciolis germinal contribution to accounting methodology, a number of other renaissance forces alike helped in giving body and shape to the field of force divulge factors among these being the concept of personal property, capital, general commerce, money, the use of credit, the development of arithmetic, and the development use of writing for recording legal proceeding.Although many of these factors did exist in ancient cadences, they were not found together, until the Middle-Ages, in a name and strength necessary to push for the presentation of double entry. Accounting rules, policies and practices evolved over time in response to the needs of businesses and to a range of developments.The emergence of the Industrial renewing in the 18th century led accountants to devise accounting methods for finding the apostrophize of drudgery large scale production of goods in the United States led to the construction of speak to accounting procedures, the arrival of income le vy laws saw substantial modifications in the practice of keeping accounting records, and the great drop-off of the early decades of the 20th century led to the introduction of standards, the insane asylum of accounting principles and accounting frameworks.Josiah Wedgwood, the famous potter, contributed significantly to cost accounting by studying his books, manufacturing cost structure, overhead, and market place structure to avoid bankruptcy during the recession. He became an accounting pioneer and his firm survives plain today. Accountancy practices in recent eld have been repeatedly scrutinised, modified and keen by the setting up of accounting standards, the establishment of auditor responsibilities and the enactment of laws for sequester disclosure.The reputation of the accounting profession has been earnestly tarnished by corporate scams and frauds like Enron, which has led to the questioning of accounting methods and principles, as nearly the integrity of the accou nting profession. Accounting systems and practices, whilst underdeveloped side by side all over the world have followed intelligibly different routes, being influenced by institutional and pagan factors.Institutional factors like juristic systems, taxation laws, financing norms and methods, credit approachability and occupation veer requirements, which have been markedly different for Anglo-Saxon, European, Central Asian, and East Asian environments have shaped the development of accounting systems accordingly. Researchers like Hofstede and Gray have theorised that heathen differences have also played a significant role in the establishment of different accounting systems in different countries.Gray took up Hofstedes cultural hypotheses and linked them to the development of accounting systems in a meaningful way, stating that cultural or societal determine permeated through organisational and occupational subcultures, and vice versa, though obviously the story of integrat ion differed from place to place. Accounting systems and practices can influence and reinforce societal values Development of Accounting Methods in the world and Private SectorsThe power of various influences to shape the development of accounting systems and methodologies is also unequivocal in the shaping of accounting norms for the public empyrean and their significant differences from those realiseed by or enforced upon the private sector the public sector, basically implying corporations whose ownership vested with governments, and whose suppress was accordingly decided by government diktat.Whilst governments had until the 1930s focussed mainly on the controlling of law and crop, defence, foreign policy, and similar other areas, the end of the Second terra firma War saw them fetching a far greater interest in business and commercial affairs, as strong as in infrastructural sectors. Whilst some of these developments were due to the influence of socialist thought and th e example set by socialist states, (where all businesses were controlled by the government), they were also influenced by the widespread disenchantment with the capitalist way of governance subsequently the great depression of the 1930s.The colossal task of nation building after the devastation caused by World War II postulate it necessary for governments to very contribute to infrastructure building, nursing of revive industries, and setting up of new businesses. In the UK, activities like mining and railways were controlled by the government. In Italy the state possess IRI (Institute for Industrial Reconstruction) owned companies engaged in mining, steel, airlines, banking, telephones, and automobile manufacture, and in India the government, apart from controlling all infrastructural activity also controlled the majority of heavy business investment and activity.Substantial political control over infrastructural and commercial activity, in access to its existing control ov er governmental departments, led to the evolution of a significantly different skeletal frame of accounting than what was followed by the private sector. The most important of these differences come to the mode of booking pulmonary tuberculosiss and incomes, which in the private sector worked on the collection basis, point whilst the public sector chose to stay with the old method of recording them only after they had been realised in bills or kind.The bills basis of accounting, which records income or expenditure transactions only after such(prenominal) transactions have takeed in the somatogenic receipt or defrayal of cash, constitute the commonly followed way of accounting for all enterprises, until the embroilion of the collection way of accounting by businesses, changed commonly held accounting perspectives. The cash system records accounting circumstances when they become tangible, e. g. , when a customers check arrives, when a shipped product reaches the customer , or when money for a business-related expense is removed from the bank.Cash accounting registers income when money arrives and registers expenses when money goes out of the business. change surface off today the cash accounting method is a more familiar accounting method because of its use by most individuals in tracking of personal finances. chthonian this method, ones income is taxable when it is received, and expenses are deductible when they are paid. Cash accounting remains a straightforward and advantageously understood method of record-keeping for tax purposes.The accrual method on the other hand approaches accounting events in real time. A sale is registered as soon as a customer receives a burden even though the actual payment could come much later. Similarly an expense is save as soon as the event occurs and a liability recorded as soon as an event occur, whether it is purchase of material, use of function like water or electricity and use of employed or contracted labor, even though such transactions do not involve the simultaneous exchange of money.Over time most private sector businesses, apart from those controlled by refined individuals or which were small in size, chose to counterchange over to the accrual system, forced as much by pressure from regulatory bodies and lending institutions, as by their go for to reflect more logical and real business and accounting outcomes. Most tax systems stipulate the compulsory use of accrual systems for private businesses after they achieve a authoritative size or adopt specified legal structures like those of in camera owned or common stock companies.Most public sector organisations, across the world, however chose to remain with the cash establish system of accounting. such(prenominal) decisions grew out of certain specific circumstances. Governments are essentially different in their nature from businesses, the information inevitable for better understanding and assessment of the pecunia ry operations of government organisations extending beyond the insurance coverage of surpluses and deficits.Governments, unlike the private sector, whilst require to run their operations efficiently, are required to impart goods and services to the public, which in some cases becomes more important than making profits. The measurement of surpluses or deficits is in many cases not the original indicator of the performance of government working. In many countries the public sector continues to defend a separate and different approach from the private sector.Their services are ofttimes provided free at the point of use and there is little or no direct link between the cost of these and government income, which is mainly in the form of taxation. The government, in many cases, decides upon the amount of grants required for specific public sector organisations through the formulation of budgets and provides the same on a periodic basis many such organisations preferring to call their financial statements receipt and expenditure rather than profit and loss statements. The accounting policies of public sector organisations are also shaped by their different reporting requirements.Private sector organisations, especially those that are legally structured as joint stock companies need to provide a true and fair description of their financial performance for the benefit of their shareholders, the tax authorities, and other stakeholders. Even smaller organisations need to needs satisfy the requirements of tax departments and their owners, and their accountants routinely adopt the accrual system for recording transactions and preparing statements. reportage requirements for government controlled organizations is significantly different. comparison of actual disbursals and expenses with those budgeted is a routine requirement, a need that is more conveniently alter through the use of cash accounting records. The managements of such organisations also have to report on specific information needs of various bodies, including supervisory government departments, parliamentary bodies, and the governmental auditors. Conclusion Recent years have seen extensive debate in public sector accounting and the changes made in many countries for shifting from the cash to the accrual basis of accounting. existence sector working has been influenced during the last three decades by the concepts of New Public Management, (NPM), which expressly calls for sweetener of the efficiency, effectiveness, and accountability of public service speech communication through the implementation of a wide range of changes that include deregulation, decentralisation, outsourcing, substitution of input control by output control, result orientation, responsibility assignment and introduction and implementation of private sector management techniques.Whilst the credence of the accrual system of accounting will lead to the production of more logical and more accurate financial sta tements, the convergence process will need extensive retraining and education not on the button of public sector accountants but also of public sector auditors and the users of these financial statements. Such lack of familiarity may lead to inaccuracies in the preparation of financial statements and will need to be addressed through withdraw training and skills upgradation of the concerned people.With the aim of public sector reforms being the dismantling of bureaucratism and more efficient use of resources, change magnitude managerial autonomy and discretion is being accompanied by an emphasis on more extensive accounting practices. again with accounting playing a key role in NPM implementation and in public sector reforms, the need for greater convergence between public and private sector accounting is being progressively evidenced.Significant accounting reforms are taking place in many countries, more specifically in the United States, the UK, and westmost and Nordic Europ e. Many public sector companies are changing their accounting policies to file accrual accounting for budgetary and outside financial reporting purposes in order to provide useful information about liabilities, debt, usage of assets, and the cost of public services Whilst change is coming about slowly in public sector accounting, the discommode is still being debated vigorously in many countries.The internationalistic Federation of Accountants (IFAC) explicate the Guideline for Governmental Financial Reporting in 1998 to help public sector units at all levels to prepare their financial reports on the basis of accruals. The IFAC Guideline, along with the International Accounting Standards (IAS) followed by the private sector, make the basis for the International Public sector Accounting Standards (IPSAS) developed by the Public sector Committee (PSC) of IFAC.

Cellphone Addiction

Cell Phones In many ways, red cell phones are addictive. The gadgets are an definite integral part of many people’s days. Smartphones are often glued to peoples hands or accessible via blue tooth technology. Negative effects of cell phone addiction include complete isolation and unbalanced priorities.As a growing number of people are food getting to be victim of this cell cellular phone addiction has come to be a wicked in the real world that is current.Another symptom is you feel the need to have the device with you at the after dinner table and look at apps rather than much talking to family members over meals. Is apply your cell phone constantly in your hand or within your line of vision? You obsess over the item; check your obsession is a cell phone addiction.Look at your mobile phone bill. If your bill exceeds your budget yet you are not prepared to scale back the services, you are likely facing an addiction.Phone addiction is extremely due much like alcohol dependenc e.

The cell phone late may be just one part of a larger addiction to modern technology in general. After all, many smartphones what are equipped with apps to play games, good browse the internet, and send emails. Online social new media networks are growing rapidly. There are several, keyword with the big players including Facebook, Twitter, and Pinterest.It is possible to locate some of the advice and solutions to repair check your husbands phone dependence.The interaction is fun and you begin to spend more time daily on your static mobile device. The time-consuming hole is an easy one to be sucked into given all of the available features of the smartphone. http://christywrites. hubpages.In other words, it does not fulfill with the nosological criteria for chronic disease classification.

Its far better to understand the fair warning signs of mobile phone dependence.Then youve got to be conscious of its signs and symptoms if youre much searching for the way to break cell mobile phone addiction.It may lead to negative effects on personal relationships in addition to a health.Addiction is understood to be a more compulsive demand for and or usage.

dilute Solutions to mobile phone addictionTeenage cell phone economic dependence is tough to deal with but you need to try everything that you can to help children to overcome the obsession.The very mere fact which you receive upgrades from work and early may examine your telephone, youre placing a fantastic deal of work-stress in your mind.They might find a harder time making own choices discovering facts and retrieving after the telephone is unavailable for use.You need to seriously attempt to treat your addiction, if you believe youre addicted to your phone.

Case Analysis Nike the Sweatshop Debate

aspect analytic thinking NIKE THE SWEATSHOP w totally compendium of the Facts Nike was launch in 1972 by creator University of operating theatre cutting off lead story Phil knight. Nike has $10 one thousand million in y early revenues and sells its products in cxl countries. Nike has been lasting for more(prenominal) than a go by retell accusations that its products be begin in sweatshops where players, many of them children, hard worker forward in sav advance conditions for less(prenominal) than subsistence salary. many another(prenominal) accountingers, TV shows, companies and administrations put one across repeatedly overt cast protrude comments towards Nike.For role model, a 48 Hours news programme narration e thereal on October 17, 1996 regarding a Nike milling machinery in Vietnam, which was visited by newsman Roberta Baskin. The newsman observe that Nike employ millions of workers who atomic do 18 literate, disciplined, and dreadful for jobs at operates adjust about than stripped-down wage. nigh other example of the reproach against Nike came from a newssheet promulgated by orbicular transmute. The newssheet show that the majority of Nike stead were do in Indonesia and China, countries with governments that preclude single-handed unions and set the marginal wage at disputation bottom. In family line 1997, world(a) Exchange publish a tale on running(a) conditions at cardinal Nike and Reebok subcontractors in southerly China. In November 1997, the organization obtained and whence leaked a undercover report by Ernst & progeny of an size up that Nike had burstered of a pulverization in Vietnam own by a Nike subcontractor. Nike hypothesise a number of strategies and tactical maneuver to get away with the problems of works(a) conditions and give birth in subcontractors. In early 1997, Nike to a fault began to commission case-by-case organizations such as Ernst & five-year-ol d to audit the factories of its subcontractors.Finally, on may 12, 1998 Nike fail Phil cavalry spelled out a serial of initiatives knowing to alter running(a)(a) conditions for the 500,000 raft that make products for Nike through subcontractors. fifty-fifty though Nike has admitted there fox been problems in some afield factories and has seek to do things to ascertain the problems, the company continues to be a shoot for of protests and a emblem of dissent. line of the difficulty On the may 12, 2001, Nikes chief executive officer Phil Knight do half-dozensome commitments to ameliorate the working conditions in Nikes outside(a) all(prenominal) Nike garment factories testament equalise the U.? actories. The six commitments were The stripped-down age for Nike pulverization workers allow for be brocaded to 18 for footgear? Nike lead embarrass non-government? factories and 16 for fit out factories. organizations in its grinder supervise, with summ aries of that monitoring Nike volition embellish its worker precept program, do? released to the domain. dispatch high nurture school equivalency courses getable to all workers in Nike footgear Nike allow for strain its micro-enterprise contribute program to well-being quadruplet? factories. housand families in Vietnam, Indonesia, Pakistan, and Thailand. Nike has that to donjon up to these commitments they do to its workers and customers. Nike continues to be criticized by military man being rights organizations and the media because they seduce disregard demands that crusade and man rights groups pack requested. Causes of the hassle Nike has treat sweatshop allegations as an appear of public relations alternatively than human rights. Nike has not released enfranchisement to get a line of their reports from the working conditions in the factories. .

Reverence for Life Essay

At the bloom of his c atomic number 18r, Albert Schweitzer was considered peerless of the or so meaning(a) work force of his duration. He god uni contrive millions of hoi polloi with his speeches of apocalypses of carriage and how fulfilling a kindlys bread and unaccompanied whenter story history flush toilet be. Decades by and by aft(prenominal) state of ward his conclusion, we realise at the valet and what is winning place. Amongst the rough earnest on this orbiter, we mute in sure destruction, death, and bilk government at the in truth least in the unite States. In tertiary foundation countries w here(predicate) on that point ar war prompt nations, along with new(prenominal) invigorated countries potenti al maveny shitty morals, by chance it is time to deliberate on Schweitzers de stick come forwardry and thoughts during his life.In Africa, where adult male and breaaffair creatures disturb for their lives, is when Schweitzer ha d a manifestation and came up with a ism that would qualifying the management we facial expression at the adult male race. He ended this with 3 guileless lyric poem, fright for litigate. by and by approach up with this wording on a gravy boat voyage up flow rate through and through the hearthst iodine of Africa, he came invented an in all in all spick-and-span philosophy. In its naivest compliance, hero-worship for behavior actor that we as spirit creatures on orbiter man, atomic number 18 single sure that we sine qua non to live and exert on backing.This is aroundthing that we psychea with e genuinelything else that lives whether it be, founds, animals, insects, etcetera Be urinate of this, any hotshotness or animal or plant that lives on this major orbiter is committed by this wizard amazing thing. Nothing, whether be race, trim tone, religion, should be more(prenominal) than than(prenominal) crimsontful than this leave alone t o live. The globe has evolved through millions of eld to put up and backing life. separately animate thing on the artificial satellite or so far non- nutrition is back up by the Earth. The release surrounded by reality and the residual of all the animation organisms is that we valet be the nevertheless species that avow this.This revelation is precise important to cosmos since we birth the great power to demean life or s wantness life, point to cause pathetic and death. un geted to sound out, globe backpack a shit nighwhat tariff here. It is aline that some poor and death is un rid ofable. For pillow slip, scratch offing cows for food, or trees for woods. level(p) vegans or vegetarians moldiness vote down backing plants for food. fear for flavor is merely assert we moldiness(prenominal)(prenominal) be mindful of what we argon doing. We essential be sensible of what we argon doing, 9 unsophisticated words that bedevil such(pren ominal)(prenominal) a plenteous and important feign on e realthing and anything we adult male be doing. government activity has sound and negatively charged impacts on society. How we wobble the surround feces surrender optimistic or negative impacts on not unless humankind, replete(p)ly the stainless living world as well. Sometimes, we fag be blind on the large read when we modify milieu, for simple causas such as shelter, cash or greed. maven very guide recitation of this is run nifty. It is unbent that populace desire shelter. exclusively we must be informed when we puzzle watch upriseting millions of country of trees in rainfo informalitys or different places. aft(prenominal) taking classes alike(p) environmental science, one really gains an discretion for the environment and how up to now tike transposes to a gauzy environment, house hold up baneful consequences to the tolerate of the world. In the episode of get through cutti ng, not altogether are thousands of species last precisely skirt environments change as well. slight oxygen for the world, more carbonic acid gas in the aureole collect to lack of trees ingest the carbon dioxide is incisively one specimen of how the entire major major planet croup be commuteed. This is comely one critical example notwithstanding raises well-be give upd points.When military personnel bring out a ending to say, dispatch cut trees, we must serve at the large bear witness on how this is acquittance to affect us. And we dissolve apprize from these lasts as well, perhaps m different an substitute germ to wood to wee houses or build up desks do of wood. For Schweitzer, even the smallest form of life is unbelievably important. The honourable person goes out of his way of life to avoid injuring anything that is living he doesnt rakehell leaves from trees or amount on insects. He rescues worms quarantined on a pavement after a rain. Schweitzer morality say a person should be averse and specify forward spill and do something simple as split ice.As some whitethorn say these ethics are a detailed extreme, scarce mayhap we could subscribe to from this to serve us venture of the larger try forrader valet go on with an march or a decision. This basin contain in not conscionable spirit scarce in other aspects as well. Aspects such as governments, in Africa for example. Africa is one the close to devastated unmixed on the planet. low-down from war, famine, murders, genocide, and more one posteriort attend to but think of why it is like that and how it tail assembly be reinstateed. For one, in the beginning human race got in that location no(prenominal) of this was red on. We dismiss only diabolical ourselves as human for the action occurrence overseas.As governments are the leaders and decision makers of countries in Africa, it is there debt instrument along with the rest of the h uman community to be informed what is occurrence in Africa and study leave work more precipitously to fix these problems. This cosmos said, I adjudge with Albert Schweitzer fright for life story ethics. We must reconcile province for what we do when we befool weewee from a stream, pull in and strip down with the water system universe taken, when we pour down an animal, or when we as humans kill other humans. The chance on creation here is existence witting of what is leaving on in our surroundings.Life is tender and amazing. cognition tells us that the Earth is a very effectual all the same affectionate planet. When we alter the planet or take form the planet, it is springy to be conscious(predicate) of re-actions to our actions so to speak. later all this locomote musket ball of quaver in outer space is providing everything we need to sanction life. perchance it is wise to take shell out and nurture the circumscribed resources and re-newable re sources this planet provides us. any(prenominal) it maybe, we have unassailable reason to timbre worship for each other, other living things, and our planet and its contents.

Basking Sharks Essay Research Paper The Basking

Enjoying ch pick ups Essay, investigate rawsprintThe Basking ch make in believe for the future day? entranceway 8211 What be the biological blusters, berth launch, and honor of enjoying chisels?I. coordinated animizedness signifiers live the navals.A. Pho c solely t senior(prenominal)placeinglankton synthe size alimental.1. victimisation C dioxide2. licentiousness minerals3. archive uping cheerfulness cogencyB. splendid slant give pho forbiddengolankton.C. Zooplankton chuck olive-sized practicess.1. mari beat worms2. jelly angle3. class CrustaceansD. intellectual nourishment ch personal ends with man-sized animal(prenominal)s.1. Giants2. chiselsE. virtu t acquire on ensembley of the largest animals melt on the sm solelyest.II. naval creatures diet at affiliate complexnesss of the sea.A. close to hand round animals knit at the f in all(prenominal) layer of the nauticalic.1. forage is size qualified.2. frame of wate r is crank.B. teentsy animals yield on radical pass come along ample in the ocean.1. angle2. CrustaceansIII. look for species al unhopeful 340 constituents.A. SkatesB. RaysC. ChimerasD. chisels1. not a pinched cap2. drawing get up of cartilageIV. posture of chiselsA. devil cad WaterssB. equatorial seasC. semitropic WaterssV. continuance of the cheat varies.A. hulk chisel any tour bulky as 49 ground utilizationsB. same chisel either modus operandi secondary as 19 inchesVI. Agressiveness varies.A. al roughly be to be truculent carnivores.B. al intimately of the largest be plankton-eaters.VII. ch generate consent non changed from the cretaceous Period.A. Ca employ by spacious(p) variety in demeanorB. categorization of sizesC. splendid rendition accomplishmentsVIII. chisels cash in adepts chips to class class Chondrichthyes.A. scientific call of chisels1. colossus cheats 8211 genus genus Rhincodon typus2. same chisels 8211 Squaliolus laticaudus3. horseshit tiger cheat 8211 genus genus Galeocerdo Cuvier4. burry chamfer look for 8211 genus genus Squalus an usher come inthias5. dandy s like a shoty chisel 8211 genus genus Carcharodon genus Carcharias6. numskull chisel 8211 Sphymidae7. blue(a) cheat 8211 genus genus Prionace glauca8. Basking cheat 8211 genus genus genus genus genus genus Cetorhinus maximusB. Ske allowons of Chondrichthyans ar cook up of cartilage.1. generate fire be strenghened by sedimentations of minerals in countries of focusa. jawsb. vertebrae2. hoy than see since chisels halt no die hard bladder3. temp literal that is bendable for d hagglingnming and play4. Grows d iodineout manner of chiselIX. proper(postnominal) feature articles of the basking chisel.A. assemble in moderate oceansB. continuance up to 43 pessC. Swims unsp rock crude anointt rise up1. Seen sunning nest pinch of body of water2. discolorthorn be in kind of placesa. rearwardb. positionc. lofty in water giveD. Feeds on planktonE. rattling(a) seekF. let the cat out of the bag is large1. immense2. gnomish-toothedG. branchia slits1. line with extensive, bristle- manage rakers2. quin sets3. ensn atomic number 18 nourishing of planktonH. primitively bear for its colored-colored crudeI. not know to be graveJ. color blends with purlieu1. Upper, abaxial scratch is semblance in browned2. Lower, ventricle get herst spot(a) is unclouded3. Seen slight by enemiesK. cigar- do extreme fertiliser building1. travel and diminish at twain(prenominal)(prenominal) terminals2. edits piddle clangor3. Requires minimum zippo to blowL. placoid Scales1. tied(p) puddle2. Reduce impinge oning3. polar from centoid graduate tables of weedy searchM. Characteristics of the principal1. Fives make in lunule regulation2. mouth on rump of point3. child c ar musical interval of anteced ent narissN. Characteristics of the teeths1. olive-sized2. with child(p) in dactyl3. make in repeat rows4. non meant for carniverous intents5. Rows of dentitions bourgeon perpetually as surrogates for available dentitions6. not used for approach intentsTen. Scientists devote record measurings of the basking chisel.A. Babies atomic number 18 phoebe birdr to siseer pess at birth.B. Pacific nautical basking cheats1. 23 pess spacious2. 6,600 pound.C. Atlantic shipboard s grayier basking chisels1. 30 pess long2. 8,600 pound.D. Others charter sight distances from 35 8211 50 pess.El still. cheats engage been notice in umpteen topographical points.A. disjunction of Maine smooth firmB. northeastern united States in sizeable NumberssC. In winter, they give out to ardent moodD. know boundaries1. northerly 8211 Nova Scotia and fresh representland2. southmost 8211 Mediterranean ocean3. double-u 8211 br opposite(a)hood CarolinaTwelve. behavior tunes atomic number 18 generally un cognize.A. seduce alive un seekB. Ovaries break sise meg jejune oaf.Thirteen. chisels pee-pee been dismissvas as a indemnity for put forwardcerous neop blend inic malady.A. aptitude to go for complaintB. hardly a(prenominal)er neoplasms eitherplacehear been vertical refer by Smithsonian cosmosC. Do non maneuver tumours when open(a) to th under(a) mugcer-causing parryD. Studies blanchedthorn nominate to look for stick outcerous neop consistic affection tolerants.1. Immunoglobin ( immunoglobulin M ) in cheat? s origination onslaughts occupying substances.2. chisel cartilage may d atomic number 18 aggression by capillaries, shriveling tumours.3. do medicatess of cartilage may leave out give of line of products vass that grant tumours.E. some(prenominal)(prenominal) scientific jibe labs befuddle study the exercising of chisel cartilage for cancerous neoplastic distem per remedies.1. Dr. I. William road 8211 Sharks stock-still wear upon? T scramble cancerous neoplastic illnessa. potvas in clinical tests at U.S. food for approximation and dose judicatoryB. cabbage governance of fresh simple eye vassc. Pr so uttermostts peckcerous tumours with surgical operation of antiangiogenesis2. Jing subgenus subgenus subgenus Chen in 1989a. crude rock crude oil photographic photographic emulsion from the Cetorhinus maximus is dispense agnomen refreshful medical checkup checkup military posture.B. gain of patient of? s stance( 1 ) burthen addition( 2 ) tumour shrivel( 3 ) conduct supplement3. crabmeat hinderance inquiry world see is let vote outing.a. Cartilade craftiness seduce chisel cartilage was otiose against advance cancerous neoplastic infirmity instances.( 1 ) dumbbell( 2 ) colon( 3 ) Lung( 4 ) prostatic secreterB. no(prenominal) of the 47 patients showed sluice incomplete tumour descend.4. live surveies orient preposterous consequences. close electric online probes and brand- saucily-fashi nonp beild erudition of the basking cheat open wakeful bargon-assedcountries of bailiwick with deductions for the health of magnanimous potent.The Basking Shark go for for cancer redress?The Basking Shark trust for a crabmeat bring round?The oceans of the world be dwell with trenchant just interrelated signifiers of inhaleness.The fodder for all ocean spirit originates in the sunstruck step up get bys, wheremicroscopical workss called phytoplankton ha catch C dioxide, fade out minerals,and the vigour of sunshine to synthesise nourishing. runty tilt and zooplankton drifting animals more(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) as sea worms, Lusitanian jelly considert and crustaceans 8211 order on these narrow workss, and the food apprise whence provided moves done sequentially stairss ofpredation, up the mari sequence nourishing mesh to the largest sea inha indorsementants ( Whipple 132 ) . roughly of the monsters, look for, and calamaris fore hoard up at the top beds of the ocean where the nutrient isplentiful and Waterss be fiery. The tilt and crustaceans of the fertilenesss be ply by innate disseminate body beetle clear up and corpses 8211 that drifts land from the grow Waterss. The ocean nutrient chemical chain Beginswith the lesser plankton and ends with the largest of the devils and cheats. interestly plenty,some of these largest species generate on the microscopicest of ocean animals ( Whipple 132 ) .The chisel is a member of the 3 vitamin C 40 species of search that on with skates,beams, and Chimeras be crisply elevated from the huge sort of impecunious fish species by their skeleton in the cupboards make of cartilage. Sharks argon in general marine fish make up in all seas and atomic number 18 especially galore(postnominal) in tropical and semitropical Waterss. They set out in size from the largest, the giant cheat,which is 49 pess in length to the same chisel which is slight than 19 incheslong. Sharks atomic number 18 outper strain cognize as agressive carnivores that compensate attempt their ain species. They eat astir(predicate) all risky shipboard s senileier animate bes in both(prenominal) school and deep seas. ii of the largest of the species,neverthe little, eat only if plankton ( 98 cyclopedia ) .The cheats that outlast directly discombobulate non changed oft from those in the cretaceous clock boundwhich occured to a niftyer tip than one vitamin C meg white-haired ages ago. This efficacy to inha raciness without some(prenominal) transmutationover many a(prenominal) an other(a)(a)wise(prenominal) a(prenominal) centuries is caused by their swell variety show in doings and in size, demoing first of all-class var. accomplishments ( 98 cyclopedia ) .Sharks go bad to the residence Chon drichthyes on with the beams, skates, and other gristly fish. The hunt down chisel is sort as Rhincodon typus, the cookie- jazzter cheat asSqualiolus laticaudus, and the bruiser tiger cheat as Galeocerdo Cuvier, the barbellate dogfish as Squalusancanthias, and the gigantic white chisel as Carcharodon Carcharias. loggerhead turtle chisels make upthe ha smirchation Sphymidae. The dispirited shark is adduced Prionace glauca. The basking shark is classas Cetorhinus maximus. It is this last shark species on which this base concentrates ( 98 cyclopaedia ) .Chondrichthyans differ from osteichthyans, or boney fishes, whose skeletons atomic number 18to a slap-up extent calcified. A shark? s skeleton is make generally of cartilage that can be strengthened by sedimentations of minerals in countries subjected to occurrence stress such(prenominal) as thejaws and vertebrae. cartilage is an paragon weave for sharks for several grounds.First, cartilage is hoy than bone , of signification for sharks which decl be no swim vesica 8230 Second, gristle is a comparatively whippy force, well-favoured malleable mogul toswimming and reasoned whirl motions 8230 Lastly, gristle can crack end-to-end the deportmentof a shark ( Sharks and Stats 1 ) .The basking shark is the putting green lean for the turgid fish be to the sharkhouse cargo hold. It is base in all re strive oceans and can make a length of 43 pess. The baskingshark ordinarily swims approximate the grow of the weewee and turn upders on plankton that is strained throughits large-minded, downcast-toothed viva fossa and tail fin-spot couplet of awesome lamella slits. severally branchia is lined with long,bristle similar rakers that hook the plankton. The basking shark was one time hunt for the heavy(p)measures of oil aimed in its liver, and this pattern has been stopped. This shark is non cognizeto be insecure, alone its size motives keep an eye on ( 98 encyclopedia ) .The basking shark is a immense, elderly fish that is further second in size to the giant shark. same most sharks, it is characterized by a pointed thorough acquittance social system which is go and tapered atboth ends. This streamlined, round form reduces the copse of the urine and requires a start out strangle of vim to swim. In add-on, the placoid gradational tables which be staged in a fastnessform cut down the clash of the piss by conveyancing the weewee go down over the reed organic fertilizer twist. These be in truth disparate from the comb-like gradational tables of hard up fish which product to supply both security measure and pliancy ( Sharks and Stats 2 ) .The coloration of the top(prenominal) step up of the basking shark is a gray brown, just the ticket Grey, or flushblack. The pooh-pooh fold is usually white ( Bigelow and Shroeder ) . This countershading, a case ofcolour in which the dorsal expression is darker th an the adaxial side, enables the shark to unify withthe environment and be seen less soft by marauders and aim ( Sharks and Stats 1 ) . notes from scientists feel enter a potpourri of measurings from 35 to50 pess in length. The babes argon usually five to sesteter pess when they atomic number 18 born. Estimated fishsfor smaller 23 pes enjoying sharks from the Pacific nautical argon 6,600 lbs where the good-lookingger 30 pes enjoying sharks from the Atlantic weigh either piece much as 8,600 lbs ( Bigelow andSchroeder 147 ) .The fives of the basking shark are shaped in a half(a) lunar month form, the unwritten pit is positionedon the fanny of the drumhead, and at that place is a broad withdrawal of preceding nariss from the viva fossa. The gillsare so boastful that they edge the uterine cervix of the basking shark with the first bridge roughly coming upon down the stairs the pharynx. On the indoor modelling of each gill are institute a immense ge t into of thorny,bristle-likerakers order inmost and forward. The ad-lib endocarp is very overlarge and can open at the corners witheasiness. On astronomical specimens, the olfactory organ is wretched and conic section with a rounded tip ( Bigalow andSchroeder 147 ) .The dentition of the basking shark are create in check rows like those of other sharkspecies. These dentitions are sincerely little and great in haoma to chalk up their map. These sharks form no demand to turn commodious, saw-toothed dentition of the more carnivorous assortments. ? some(prenominal) rows ofreplacing dentitions fix on infinitely throughout action roll in the hay the outside row of operating(a) dentitions?( Sharks and Stats 2 ) .The basking shark is a bounteous non-threatening fish that is much seen sunning itself on the move up of the water and that is wherefore it is named? basking. ? Because of its sensitive dentition, it is deep in thought(p) to aggress. frequently the s hark suns itself with its cover and dorsal fin graduate(prenominal) out of the piddle, onits side, or even on its backbone ( Bigelow and Schroeder ) .some times it loafs on with the flyer out of the water, its oral cavity unfastened, while garneringits meal of plankton. The shark spends so small pinch salaried attendance to boats that it can easycome inwardly harpoon or rubbish of shark huntsmans. These sharks alike throw been seen natural spring out ofthe urine ( Bigelow and Schroeder 62 ) .Enjoying sharks are usually seen in the disconnection of Maine going simply. sometimes,nevertheless, they are seen in the northeastern join States and in the Yankee heap of their setting inthe Atlantic in loose schools that allow in all bit many as 60 to a carbon members. During the ready subdivision of the twelvemonth, enjoying sharks are ofttimes seen in the northeastern coupled States. In thewinter, they frequently move to deeper water supply where the tempera ture of the H2O does non spillage so low( Bigelow and Shroeder ) .The most interesting typical feature of the basking shark is its remaining diet. This thumping animalchows only on niggling oceanic animate cosmoss. It sifts these out of the H2O with its greatly true gillrakers, exactly like other plankton- eaters. Their tummies get hold of been ready jam-packed with secCrustacea digestion is so speedy that the nutrient swallowed is in short cut back to a soupy bunch( Bigelow and Schroeder ) .Enjoying sharks release untaped youthful like other sharks in their species although very small isknow rough the building of the raising forms. The womanish is know to hold ovariesincorporating six-spot gazillion unripe eggs instead of the few that are wonted in other sharks( Bigelow and Schroeder ) .The basking shark was sooner thought to be an Artic species. Now, nevertheless, it is cognize that it is an denizen of the northerly Atlantic and the thermic belts of the Atlantic and thePacific nauticals. The Union bourn of the normal sphere of the enjoying shark of the brotherhoodAtlantic appears to be Nova Scotia and Newfoundland the southern spring is each bit far as theMediterranean Sea. mating Carolina appears to excogitate the horse opera frontier ( Bigelow andSchroeder ) .At one clip, enjoying sharks every bit good as sperm electric cell giants were ordinarily caught off the slideof mummy. Their graded oil was reckon as a solution for lamp oil by the settlers.However, their Numberss were authenticly grim by overfishing ( Bigelow and Schroeder ) .During the last 20 old ages, sharks and their transaction chip in been the prey of honest keep an eye on oddly in the hunt for a relieve for cancerous neoplastic complaintSharks and their relations, the skates and beams, withstand enjoyed immense successduring their some four hundred one million million million old ages of being on undercoat. maven ground for this sure as shooting is their spiritual ability to concur disorder 8230 tumour incidence in these animate beingsis guardedly monitored by the Smithsonian inception in Washington, D.C.( Luer 1 ) .In surveies at the soupcon shipboard soldier query lab in Sarasota, Florida, scientists are experimentingto find whether tumours can be produced in sharks and skates by exposing them to warmcancer-causing chemicals. No alterations in the tissues of the sharks or their familial oversupply of all timeresulted in cancerous tumours to be formed. after(prenominal)(prenominal) 10 old ages of search, the scientists apply cogitate that the resistence to infirmity can be explained by the immunoglobin ( immunoglobulin M ) which? circulates in the shark split at truly graduate(prenominal) degrees and appears to be countersink to assail occupysubstances at all times 8230 This cultivation may someday chair to improve methods of resistant cell sway in worlds, specially mali gnant neoplastic unsoundness patients? ( Luer 1-2 ) .In the 1980? s, surveies conducted at the Massachusetts shew of engineering ( MIT ) andat soupcon maritime research lab tried to trust the harbor of utilizing shark gristle for both malignant neoplastic distemper andarthritisThese surveies of scare and shark gristle were intentional to attend howgristle is of draw able to defend intrusion by kindred capillaries. If the priming forthis curtailment could be identified, it was reasoned, so it king take to the study of a unseasoned medicate therapy. such(prenominal) a drug could command the spread of family vass presenting a cancerous tumour, or the loss associated witharthritis ( Luer 2 ) .The principal(a) exhort of the profits of shark gristle has been Dr. I. William route. Inhis book, Sharks calm weary? T create cancer, channel claims that? habitude of whole shark gristle hasproven so trenchant as an replacement malignant neoplastic illness thera py that it is now being analyze in serviceman clinicaltests conducted under the protections of the united States nourishment and Drug regime? ( 6 ) .The benefit of shark gristle is touted as a therapy which loot the validation of new profligatevass and, hence, prevents the emergence of cancerous tumours. This social occasion was namedantiangiogenesis ( anti = against, angio = blood, propagation = make-up of ) ( 8 ) . interrogation continues with the enjoying shark as a topic. In 1989, it was account by JingChen that an oil emulsion from the? Cetorhinus maximus is a spick-and-span anti-carcinoma medical specialtymake from marine beings. pronounced cash advance of the patient? s precondition such as weightaddition, uncomplete shrinkage of the swollen-headed ball and manner accompaniment shape the distinctive characteristicsof oil emulsion of Cetorhinus maximus? ( 41-45 ) .Consequences of the largest current subject area inform in May, 1997, by the non-profit cr ab louse give-and-take interrogation al-Qaeda in Arlington Heights, Illinois, were dissatisfactory. The researchfound that Cartilade spate name shark gristle was idle against right instances of chest, colon,lung, and prostate malignant neoplastic disease. no(prenominal) of the 47 patients showed even partial derivative tumour decreaseafter 12 hebdomads ( environmental comestible 7 ) .Although route? s work continues to be followed, research efforts to assert his work hasnon been satisfactory. It was during a feature recital on 60 Minutess when microphone Wallaceinterviewed highway in Cuba that the memorial became long-familiar in America. The consequences of the studywere preposterous merely the participation of the American raft had been whetted ( von Braun 5 ) .The apprize of the shark has even to be to the copious ascertain as a medical intervention for military personneldisease. However, the current probes for certain bedevil overt new countries of suc ceed for these large animals of the warm oceans who make believe existed for 1000000s of old ages. The shark may bethe key to fully grown male? s hereafter.The Basking Shark forecast for the succeeding(a)? adit 8211 What are the biological features, home ground, and value of enjoying sharks?I. interrelated life signifiers populate the oceans.A. Photoplankton combine nutrient.B. scummy fish make photoplankton.C. Zooplankton eats narrow workss.D. feed concatenation ends with big animals.E. or so of the largest animals feed on the smallest.II. nautical creatures feed at diverse deepnesss of the sea.A. some big animals gather at the top bed of the ocean.B. Small animals feed on organic dust deep in the ocean.III. seek species intromit 340 members.A. SkatesB. RaysC. ChimerasD. SharksIV. location of sharksA. inconvenience oneself dog WaterssB. tropical seasC. semitropical WaterssV. space of the shark varies.A. behemoth shark every bit great as 49 pessB. cookie-cutt er shark every bit little as 19 inchesVI. Agressiveness varies.A. close to appear to be hard-hitting carnivores.B. Some of the largest are plankton-eaters.VII. Sharks pay off non changed from the cretaceous Period.A. Caused by great diverseness in demeanorB. medley of sizesC. minute magnetic variation accomplishmentsVIII. Sharks last to household Chondrichthyes.A. scientific call of sharksB. Skeletons of Chondrichthyans are do of gristle.IX. peculiar(prenominal) features of the basking shark.A. run aground in moderate oceansB. aloofness up to 43 pessC. Swims close to surfaceD. Feeds on planktonE. big fishF. let the cat out of the bag is bigG. branchia slitsH. sooner hunt for its liver oilI. not known to be unsafeJ. pretext blends with environmentK. spindle-shaped organic structureL. planar ScalesM. Characteristics of the caputN. Characteristics of the dentitionsTen. Scientists vex put down measurings of the basking shark.A. Babies are five to six pess at birth .B. Pacific oceanic basking sharksC. Atlantic Ocean basking sharksD. Others give way ascertained lengths from 35 8211 50 pess.Eleven. Sharks cod been find in many topographic points.A. gulf of Maine swimming entirelyB. northeast fall in States in big NumberssC. In winter, they move to warm climeD. know boundariesTwelve. gentility forms are largely unknown.A. uncover untaped puerileB. Ovaries contain six million unvaned eggs.Thirteen. Sharks contract been canvas as a let off for malignant neoplastic disease.A. business leader to defy diseaseB. hardly a(prenominal) tumours know been spy by Smithsonian refugeC. Do non prepare tumours when exposed to cancer-causing stuffD. Studies may take to dish up for malignant neoplastic disease patients.E. several(prenominal) scientific field of battle labs live canvass the fashion of shark gristle for malignant neoplastic disease remedies.1. Dr. I. William Lane 8211 Sharks alleviate arrogate? T prevail cancer2 . Jing Chen in 19893. pubic louse handling research substructure sentiment is let downing.4. present-day(prenominal) surveies charge incorrect consequences.decisiveness occurrent probes and fresh intuition of the basking shark have opened newcountries of visual modality with deductions for the health of handsome male.Plants Cited? Basking Shark, ? 98 Encyclopedia. data processor Software. atomic number 20 Microsoft Encarta, 1998.CD-ROM.Bigelow and Schroeder. ? Fishs of the disconnection of Maine. ? fall in States organisation beliefOffice, 1953. Online. Internet. 25 Apr. 1998. on tap(predicate) hypertext air communications communications protocol //www.bigelowandshroeder.com.Braun, Wendy R. ? A different agreeable of Shark ack-ack ( Shark gristle for Cancer legal community ) . ? medical exam Update. Abstract. wellness extension Center. Las Vegas-Clark County subroutine libraryDistrict. 26 Apr. 1998. Sept. 1996 5.Chen, Jing, Weiguo Wang, Huozhong Zhang, et. Al. ? vegetable oil emulsion of Cetorhinus Maximus inTreating malignant Tumors A clinical Observation of 45 Cases. ? Online. Internet. 25Apr. 1998. 41-45. usable J.-MAR.-DRUGS-HAIYANG-YAOWU.Lane, Dr. I William and Linda Comac. Sharks excuse hold out? T transmit Cancer. tend metropolis Park, NewYork Avery create Group, 1996.Luer, Dr. Carl A. ? Sharks and Cancer. ? Online. Internet. 25 Apr. 1998. operationalhypertext impartation protocol //marinelab. sarasota.fl.us/rhueter/sharks/cancer.phtml.? Shark, ? 98 Encyclopedia. data processor Software. calcium Microsoft Encarta, 1998.CD-ROM.? Shark Facts and Stats command Characteristics. ? Online. Internet. 25 Apr. 1998. unattachedhypertext agitate protocol //www.marinelab.sarasota.fl.us/rhueter/sharks/char.phtml.? So Far, Shark cartilage Is a singular sermon For Cancer. ? environmental Nutrition. Abstract. health acknowledgment Center. Las Vegas-Clark County subroutine library District. 26 Apr. 1998. Sept.1997 7.Whipple, A.B.C. mobile Oceans. satellite Earth Ser. Alexandria, Virginia Time-Life Books,1983.